Android Architecture Component 集成架构组件

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在开始之前，建议阅读“架构组件指南”。该指南包含一些适用于所有Android应用程序的有用原则，并展示了如何将架构组件一起使用。

架构组件可从Google的Maven库获得。要使用它们，请按照下列步骤操作：

添加Google Maven库

默认情况下，Android Studio项目未配置为访问此存储库。

要将其添加到项目中，请打开项目的build.gradle文件（而不是应用程序或模块的文件）并添加google（）存储库，如下所示：

allprojects {
    repositories {
        jcenter()
        google()
    }
}

声明依赖库

打开应用程序或模块的build.gradle文件，并添加所需的工件作为依赖项。可以添加所有依赖项，也可以选择其中某几项。

AndroidX
当前版本的Arch组件正在使用AndroidX软件包开发。这些引用会被优先罗列出，并且名称与以前的（1.X）版本不同。

有关AndroidX重构的更多信息，以及它如何影响类包和模块ID，请参阅AndroidX重构文档refactor documentation.。

Kotlin
Kotlin扩展模块支持多个AndroidX依赖项，标记为// use -ktx for Kotlin，只需替换例如：

常用写法：

implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel:$lifecycle_version" // use -ktx for Kotlin

Kotlin依赖：

implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:$lifecycle_version"

更多信息，包括Kotlin扩展的文档，可以在ktx文档中找到。

注意：对于基于Kotlin的编写的应用，请确保使用kapt而不是annotationProcessor。你还应该添加kotlin-kapt插件。

Feature

dependencies {
    def futures_version = "1.0.0-alpha02"

    implementation "androidx.concurrent:concurrent-futures:$futures_version"
}

Lifecycle

Lifecycle依赖, 包含了LiveData 、ViewModel.

AndroidX

dependencies {
    def lifecycle_version = "2.0.0"

    // ViewModel and LiveData
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-extensions:$lifecycle_version"
    // alternatively - just ViewModel
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel:$lifecycle_version" // use -ktx for Kotlin
    // alternatively - just LiveData
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata:$lifecycle_version"
    // alternatively - Lifecycles only (no ViewModel or LiveData). Some UI
    //     AndroidX libraries use this lightweight import for Lifecycle
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime:$lifecycle_version"

    annotationProcessor "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-compiler:$lifecycle_version" // use kapt for Kotlin
    // alternately - if using Java8, use the following instead of lifecycle-compiler
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:$lifecycle_version"

    // optional - ReactiveStreams support for LiveData
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams:$lifecycle_version" // use -ktx for Kotlin

    // optional - Test helpers for LiveData
    testImplementation "androidx.arch.core:core-testing:$lifecycle_version"
}

Pre-AndroidX

dependencies {
    def lifecycle_version = "1.1.1"

    // ViewModel and LiveData
    implementation "android.arch.lifecycle:extensions:$lifecycle_version"
    // alternatively - just ViewModel
    implementation "android.arch.lifecycle:viewmodel:$lifecycle_version" // use -ktx for Kotlin
    // alternatively - just LiveData
    implementation "android.arch.lifecycle:livedata:$lifecycle_version"
    // alternatively - Lifecycles only (no ViewModel or LiveData).
    //     Support library depends on this lightweight import
    implementation "android.arch.lifecycle:runtime:$lifecycle_version"

    annotationProcessor "android.arch.lifecycle:compiler:$lifecycle_version" // use kapt for Kotlin
    // alternately - if using Java8, use the following instead of compiler
    implementation "android.arch.lifecycle:common-java8:$lifecycle_version"

    // optional - ReactiveStreams support for LiveData
    implementation "android.arch.lifecycle:reactivestreams:$lifecycle_version"

    // optional - Test helpers for LiveData
    testImplementation "android.arch.core:core-testing:$lifecycle_version"
}

Room

 Room依赖, 包含了 testing Room migrations 和 Room RxJava

AndroidX

dependencies {
    def room_version = "2.1.0-alpha02"

    implementation "androidx.room:room-runtime:$room_version"
    annotationProcessor "androidx.room:room-compiler:$room_version" // use kapt for Kotlin

    // optional - RxJava support for Room
    implementation "androidx.room:room-rxjava2:$room_version"

    // optional - Guava support for Room, including Optional and ListenableFuture
    implementation "androidx.room:room-guava:$room_version"

    // Test helpers
    testImplementation "androidx.room:room-testing:$room_version"
}

Pre-AndroidX

dependencies {
    def room_version = "1.1.1"

    implementation "android.arch.persistence.room:runtime:$room_version"
    annotationProcessor "android.arch.persistence.room:compiler:$room_version" // use kapt for Kotlin

    // optional - RxJava support for Room
    implementation "android.arch.persistence.room:rxjava2:$room_version"

    // optional - Guava support for Room, including Optional and ListenableFuture
    implementation "android.arch.persistence.room:guava:$room_version"

    // Test helpers
    testImplementation "android.arch.persistence.room:testing:$room_version"
}

Paging

AndroidX

dependencies {
    def paging_version = "2.1.0-beta01"

    implementation "androidx.paging:paging-runtime:$paging_version" // use -ktx for Kotlin

    // alternatively - without Android dependencies for testing
    testImplementation "androidx.paging:paging-common:$paging_version" // use -ktx for Kotlin

    // optional - RxJava support
    implementation "androidx.paging:paging-rxjava2:$paging_version" // use -ktx for Kotlin
}

Pre-AndroidX

dependencies {
    def paging_version = "1.0.0"

    implementation "android.arch.paging:runtime:$paging_version"

    // alternatively - without Android dependencies for testing
    testImplementation "android.arch.paging:common:$paging_version"

    // optional - RxJava support
    implementation "android.arch.paging:rxjava2:$paging_version"
}

Navigation

导航类已经在androidx.navigation包中，但目前依赖于Support Library 27.1.1和相关的Arch组件版本。具有AndroidX依赖关系的导航版本将在未来发布。

dependencies {
    def nav_version = "1.0.0-alpha07"

    implementation "android.arch.navigation:navigation-fragment:$nav_version" // use -ktx for Kotlin
    implementation "android.arch.navigation:navigation-ui:$nav_version" // use -ktx for Kotlin

    // optional - Test helpers
    // this library depends on the Kotlin standard library
    androidTestImplementation "android.arch.navigation:navigation-testing:$nav_version"
}

Safe args

 Safe args, 添加一下classpath 在  project 的build.gradle 首行

buildscript {
    repositories {
        google()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath "android.arch.navigation:navigation-safe-args-gradle-plugin:1.0.0-alpha07"
    }
}

同时在App或者模块的 build.gradle 文件中添加以下行

apply plugin: "androidx.navigation.safeargs"

WorkManager

WorkManager的依赖关系。

WorkManager类已经在androidx.work包中，但目前依赖于Support Library 27.1和相关的Arch组件版本。具有AndroidX依赖关系的WorkManager版本将在未来发布。

WorkManager需要compileSdk版本28或更高版本。

dependencies {
    def work_version = "1.0.0-alpha11"

    implementation "android.arch.work:work-runtime:$work_version" // use -ktx for Kotlin

    // optional - Firebase JobDispatcher support
    implementation "android.arch.work:work-firebase:$work_version"

    // optional - Test helpers
    androidTestImplementation "android.arch.work:work-testing:$work_version"
}