Oracle - 数据库(database)与实例(instance)的区别

数据库指与Oracle相关的一些文件的集合(包括数据文件, 控制文件, redo等)

实例指与Oracle相关的一些进程(SMON, PMON, DBWR等)和共享内存(SGA)的集合.

一个数据库可以同时被多个实例挂载和打开.

一个实例可以挂载和打开任何数据库, 但是一次只能打开一个数据库.

Difference between DB_NAME and Instance_Name

(http://asktom.oracle.com/pls/asktom/f?p=100:11:::::P11_QUESTION_ID:533422350794)

A database is a set of files (data, redo, ctl and so on)

An instance is a set of processes (SMON, PMON, DBWR, etc) and a shared memory segment
(SGA).


A database may be mounted and opened by many INSTANCES (Parallel Server) concurrently.

An instance may mount and open ANY database -- however it may only open a single database
at any time.