<<OCM实验选讲>> 第二课 手工建库 实验

手工创建一个数据库，截图给出关键步骤。

设置环境变量

[oracle@localhost ~]$ cat PROD.env
export ORACLE_SID=PROD
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
[oracle@localhost ~]$

设置初始化参数

[oracle@localhost dbs]$ cat init.ora | egrep -v '(^#|^$)' > init$ORACLE_SID.ora
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ vim init$ORACLE_SID.ora
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ cat init$ORACLE_SID.ora
db_name=PROD
control_files = (/home/oracle/oracle/oradata/PROD/cntrl01.dbf, /home/oracle/oracle/oradata/PROD/cntrl02.dbf)
sga_target = 300M
undo_management = auto
undo_tablespace = undotbs

[oracle@localhost dbs]$

建立相关目录

[oracle@localhost ~]$ mkdir -p  oracle/oradata/PROD/{a,b,c,u}dump
[oracle@localhost ~]$ ls -l oracle/oradata/PROD/{a,b,c,u}dump
oracle/oradata/PROD/adump:
total 0

oracle/oradata/PROD/bdump:
total 0

oracle/oradata/PROD/cdump:
total 0

oracle/oradata/PROD/udump:
total 0
[oracle@localhost ~]$

建立建库脚本

[oracle@localhost ~]$ cat createdb.sql
CREATE DATABASE PROD
   user sys identified by oracle
   user system identified by oracle
   LOGFILE
      GROUP 1 ('/home/oracle/oracle/oradata/PROD/log1.log') size 100M,
      GROUP 2 ('/home/oracle/oracle/oradata/PROD/log2.log') size 100M,
      GROUP 3 ('/home/oracle/oracle/oradata/PROD/log3.log') size 100M
   MAXLOGFILES 5
   MAXLOGmembers 5
   MAXLOGHISTORY 1
   MAXDATAFILES 100
   MAXINSTANCES 1
   CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
   NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
   DATAFILE '/home/oracle/oracle/oradata/PROD/system01.dbf' size 325M reuse extent management local
   SYSAUX DATAFILE '/home/oracle/oracle/oradata/PROD/sysaux01.dbf' size 325M reuse
   DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1
      TEMPFILE '/home/oracle/oracle/oradata/PROD/temp01.dbf' size 20M reuse
   UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs DATAFILE '/home/oracle/oracle/oradata/PROD/undotbs01.dbf' size 200M reuse autoextend on maxsize unlimited;
[oracle@localhost ~]$

建立spfile并建库

SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  314572800 bytes
Fixed Size            1219160 bytes
Variable Size           96470440 bytes
Database Buffers      213909504 bytes
Redo Buffers            2973696 bytes
SQL> create spfile from pfile;

File created.

SQL> @createdb.sql

Database created.

SQL>

编译数据字典和系统存储过程

SQL> select status from v$instance;

STATUS
------------
OPEN

SQL> desc dba_objects;
ERROR:
ORA-04043: object dba_objects does not exist


SQL>

SQL> @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql;
DOC>######################################################################
DOC>######################################################################
DOC>    The following statement will cause an "ORA-01722: invalid number"
DOC>    error and terminate the SQLPLUS session if the user is not SYS.
DOC>    Disconnect and reconnect with AS SYSDBA.
DOC>######################################################################
DOC>######################################################################
DOC>#

no rows selected


Package created.
...
Grant succeeded.


PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> desc dba_objects
 Name                       Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
 OWNER                            VARCHAR2(30)
 OBJECT_NAME                        VARCHAR2(128)
 SUBOBJECT_NAME                     VARCHAR2(30)
 OBJECT_ID                        NUMBER
 DATA_OBJECT_ID                     NUMBER
 OBJECT_TYPE                        VARCHAR2(19)
 CREATED                        DATE
 LAST_DDL_TIME                        DATE
 TIMESTAMP                        VARCHAR2(19)
 STATUS                         VARCHAR2(7)
 TEMPORARY                        VARCHAR2(1)
 GENERATED                        VARCHAR2(1)
 SECONDARY                        VARCHAR2(1)

SQL> desc dbms_output
ERROR:
ORA-04043: object dbms_output does not exist


SQL> @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
...

Package body created.


PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> desc dbms_output
PROCEDURE DISABLE
PROCEDURE ENABLE
 Argument Name                  Type                    In/Out Default?
 ------------------------------ ----------------------- ------ --------
 BUFFER_SIZE                    NUMBER(38)              IN     DEFAULT
PROCEDURE GET_LINE
 Argument Name                  Type                    In/Out Default?
 ------------------------------ ----------------------- ------ --------
 LINE                           VARCHAR2                OUT
 STATUS                         NUMBER(38)              OUT
PROCEDURE GET_LINES
 Argument Name                  Type                    In/Out Default?
 ------------------------------ ----------------------- ------ --------
 LINES                          TABLE OF VARCHAR2(32767) OUT
 NUMLINES                       NUMBER(38)              IN/OUT
PROCEDURE GET_LINES
 Argument Name                  Type                    In/Out Default?
 ------------------------------ ----------------------- ------ --------
 LINES                          DBMSOUTPUT_LINESARRAY   OUT
 NUMLINES                       NUMBER(38)              IN/OUT
PROCEDURE NEW_LINE
PROCEDURE PUT
 Argument Name                  Type                    In/Out Default?
 ------------------------------ ----------------------- ------ --------
 A                              VARCHAR2                IN
PROCEDURE PUT_LINE
 Argument Name                  Type                    In/Out Default?
 ------------------------------ ----------------------- ------ --------
 A                              VARCHAR2                IN

SQL>

至此一个基本的数据库就建立好了
[oracle@localhost ~]$ ps -ef | grep ora_
oracle   17701     1  0 00:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_pmon_PROD
oracle   17703     1  0 00:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_psp0_PROD
oracle   17705     1  0 00:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_mman_PROD
oracle   17707     1  0 00:54 ?        00:00:01 ora_dbw0_PROD
oracle   17709     1  2 00:54 ?        00:00:26 ora_lgwr_PROD
oracle   17711     1  0 00:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_ckpt_PROD
oracle   17713     1  0 00:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_smon_PROD
oracle   17715     1  0 00:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_reco_PROD
oracle   17717     1  0 00:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmon_PROD
oracle   17719     1  0 00:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmnl_PROD
oracle   17725     1  0 00:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_qmnc_PROD
oracle   17729     1  0 00:54 ?        00:00:00 ora_q000_PROD
oracle   17827     1  0 01:01 ?        00:00:00 ora_q001_PROD
oracle   17993 17966  0 01:11 pts/3    00:00:00 grep ora_
[oracle@localhost ~]$

参考文档:

Oracle® Database Administrator's Guide
10g Release 2 (10.2)
B14231-02
2 Creating an Oracle Database
file:///home/liao/win/wind/ocm/B19306_01/server.102/b14231/create.htm#sthref220

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