mysql表结构同步

同步两张表之间的表结构。 模仿navict中同步数据库功能。 适合于开发和测试环境之间同步表结构使用 ，修改表结构会导致数据丢失。生产环境慎用,单纯添加表、字段、索引不受影响。

执行后生成的部分sql

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;
ALTER TABLE `portal_user` ADD COLUMN `address_3` varchar(32)  NOT NULL after `address_2`;
ALTER TABLE `portal_user` ADD INDEX `index_address2` USING BTREE (`address_2`) comment '';
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;
ALTER TABLE `portal_user` DROP INDEX `index_address2`;
ALTER TABLE `portal_user` CHANGE COLUMN `address_3` `address_3` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL after `user_age`;
ALTER TABLE `portal_user` CHANGE COLUMN `address_4` `address_4` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT '4' COMMENT 'address_4' after `address_3`;
ALTER TABLE `portal_user` ADD COLUMN `address_22` int(11) NOT NULL after `password`;
ALTER TABLE `portal_user` DROP COLUMN `address_2`;
ALTER TABLE `portal_user` ADD INDEX `index_address2` USING BTREE (`address_22`) comment '';
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

基本原理
1、获取两个库所有表信息、字段信息和索引信息 -> 2、对比差异 -> 3、生成sql

部分代码

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2016 alchemystar, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
 */
package com.eblly.util;

import com.eblly.meta.Column;
import com.eblly.meta.Key;
import com.eblly.meta.MetaData;
import com.eblly.meta.Table;
import com.jfinal.kit.StrKit;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

import java.util.Deque;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingDeque;

/**
 * @Author eblly
 */
@Getter
@Setter
public class CompareUtil {

    private MetaData sourceMetaData;
    private MetaData targetMetaData;

    private Deque<String> changeSqlDeque = new LinkedBlockingDeque<>();

    /**
     * @param source
     * @param target
     */
    public CompareUtil(MetaData source, MetaData target) {
        this.sourceMetaData = source;
        this.targetMetaData = target;
    }

    public void compare() {
        compareTables_Columns_Keys();
//        compareKeys();
    }


    // ================================= table ===============================================

    /**
     * 对比表和表中的字段
     */
    private void compareTables_Columns_Keys() {
        // 删除废弃表
        for (Table targetTable : targetMetaData.getTableMap().values()) {
            if (sourceMetaData.getTableMap().get(targetTable.getTableName()) == null) {
                // 如果对应的source没有这张表,直接drop Table

                String dropTableSql = "DROP TABLE " + addQuotes(targetTable.getTableName()) + " ;";
                changeSqlDeque.addLast(dropTableSql);
            }
        }

        /**
         * 创建表 & 对比字段 & 对比key
         */
        for (Table table : sourceMetaData.getTableMap().values()) {
            if (targetMetaData.getTableMap().get(table.getTableName()) == null) {
                // 如果对应的target没有这张表,直接把create Table拿出
                changeSqlDeque.addLast(table.getCreateTable() + ";");
            } else {

                Table tableTarget = targetMetaData.getTableMap().get(table.getTableName());
                // 这样就需要比较两者的字段
                compareColumns(table, tableTarget);

                // 对比两个表的keys
                compareKeys(table, tableTarget);
            }
        }
    }


    // ================================= column ===============================================

    /**
     * 对比两张表的字段
     *
     * @param tableSource
     * @param tableTarget
     */
    private void compareColumns(Table tableSource, Table tableTarget) {
        // 移除废弃字段
        for (Column column : tableTarget.getColumnMap().values()) {
            if (tableSource.getColumnMap().get(column.getColumnName()) == null) {
                String sql =
                        "alter table `" + tableTarget.getTableName() + "` DROP COLUMN `" + column.getColumnName() + "`; ";
                changeSqlDeque.addLast(sql);
            }
        }

        String afterColumn = null;
        StringBuilder sqlStr;
        for (Column columnSource : tableSource.getColumnMap().values()) {
            sqlStr = new StringBuilder();

            String columnName = columnSource.getColumnName();
            Column columnTarget = tableTarget.getColumnMap().get(columnSource.getColumnName());

            if (columnTarget == null) {
                // ALTER TABLE `portal_user` ADD COLUMN `address_4` varchar(32)  NOT NULL DEFAULT '4' COMMENT 'address_4' after `address_3`;
                // 字段不存在 ，直接添加
                sqlStr.append("ALTER TABLE ")
                      .append("`")
                      .append(tableSource.getTableName())
                      .append("`");

                sqlStr.append(" ADD COLUMN ")
                      .append("`")
                      .append(columnName)
                      .append("` ");

                sqlStr.append(appendColumnTail(columnSource, afterColumn));
                changeSqlDeque.addLast(sqlStr.toString());
            } else {
                // 比较名字、顺序、是否允许为空、类型、默认值、注释等
                if (columnSource.equals(columnTarget)) {
                    continue;
                } else {
                    sqlStr.append("ALTER TABLE ")
                          .append("`")
                          .append(tableSource.getTableName())
                          .append("`");

                    //  修改字段
                    // ALTER TABLE `portal_user` CHANGE COLUMN `address_3` `address_3` varchar(32) NOT NULL after `user_age`;
                    sqlStr.append(" CHANGE COLUMN ")
                          .append("`")
                          .append(columnName)
                          .append("` ")
                          .append("`")
                          .append(columnName)
                          .append("` ");

                    sqlStr.append(appendColumnTail(columnSource, afterColumn));
                    changeSqlDeque.addLast(sqlStr.toString());
                }
            }

            afterColumn = columnName;
        }


    }

    /**
     * @param columnSource
     * @param afterColumn
     * @return
     */
    private StringBuilder appendColumnTail(Column columnSource, String afterColumn) {
        StringBuilder sqlStr = new StringBuilder();

        sqlStr.append(" ")
              .append(columnSource.getColumnType())
              .append(" ");

        if (columnSource.getIsNull().equals("NO")) {
            sqlStr.append(" NOT NULL ");
        } else {
            sqlStr.append(" NULL ");
        }

        if (columnSource.getExtra().toUpperCase().startsWith("AUTO_INCREMENT")) {
            sqlStr.append(" AUTO_INCREMENT ");
        }
        if (columnSource.getColumnDefault() != null) {
            sqlStr.append(" DEFAULT ")
                  .append(columnSource.getColumnDefault().equals("") ? "''" : columnSource.getColumnDefault())
                  .append(" ");
        }
        if (columnSource.getComment() != null) {
            sqlStr.append(" COMMENT ")
                  .append("'")
                  .append(columnSource.getComment())
                  .append("' ");
        }
        if (StrKit.notBlank(afterColumn)) {
            sqlStr.append(" after `")
                  .append(afterColumn)
                  .append("`");
        }

        sqlStr.append(";");

        return sqlStr;
    }

    // ==================================== index ============================================

    /**
     * @param tableSource
     * @param tableTarget
     */
    private void compareKeys(Table tableSource, Table tableTarget) {

        // ALTER TABLE `portal_user` DROP INDEX `index_userAge`;
        // ALTER TABLE `portal_user` ADD INDEX `index_userAge` USING BTREE (`user_age`,`user_name`) comment
        // 'index_userage';
        //ALTER TABLE `portal_user` ADD INDEX `index_address3` USING BTREE (`address_3`) comment 'index3';

        // 删除废弃 key
        for (Map.Entry<String, Key> keyEntry : tableTarget.getKeyMap().entrySet()) {
            String keyName = keyEntry.getKey();

            Key keySource = tableSource.getKeyMap().get(keyName);
            if (keySource == null) {

                String sql = "ALTER TABLE `" + tableTarget.getTableName() + "` DROP INDEX `" + keyName + "`;";
                changeSqlDeque.addFirst(sql);
            }
        }

        StringBuilder sqlStr;
        for (Map.Entry<String, Key> keyEntry : tableSource.getKeyMap().entrySet()) {
            sqlStr = new StringBuilder();

            String keyName = keyEntry.getKey();
            Key key = keyEntry.getValue();
            Key keyTarget = tableTarget.getKeyMap().get(keyName);

            if (keyTarget == null) {
                sqlStr.append(appendKey(tableSource, key));
                changeSqlDeque.addLast(sqlStr.toString());
            } else {
                if (key.equals(keyTarget)) {
                    continue;
                } else {
                    String sql = "ALTER TABLE `" + tableTarget.getTableName() + "` DROP INDEX `" + keyName + "`;";
                    changeSqlDeque.addFirst(sql);

                    sqlStr.append(appendKey(tableSource, key));
                    changeSqlDeque.addLast(sqlStr.toString());
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param tableSource
     * @param key
     * @return
     */
    private String appendKey(Table tableSource, Key key) {
        StringBuilder sqlStr = new StringBuilder();

        sqlStr.append("ALTER TABLE `")
              .append(tableSource.getTableName())
              .append("` ADD INDEX `")
              .append(key.getIndexName())
              .append("` USING ")
              .append(key.getIndexType())
              .append(" (");

        StringBuilder columnStr = new StringBuilder();
        for (String columnName : key.getColumnList()) {
            columnStr.append("`")
                     .append(columnName)
                     .append("`,");
        }

        // 去除最后一个","
        sqlStr.append(columnStr.toString(), 0, columnStr.toString().length() - 1);

        sqlStr.append(")");

        if (StrKit.notBlank(key.getIndexComment())) {
            sqlStr.append(" comment '")
                  .append(key.getIndexComment())
                  .append("'");
        }

        sqlStr.append(";");
        return sqlStr.toString();
    }

    /**
     * @param name
     * @return
     */
    public static String addQuotes(String name) {
        return " `" + name + "`  ";
    }
}

代码https://gitee.com/vimda2/mysqlSync