SpringBoot教程: 1.初步认识并搭建简易web项目

[TOC]

简介

在搭建spring项目时经常需要配置一大堆东西，现在我们可以通过spring boot大大地简化这一系列繁琐配置。

搭建项目

一、

1、通过SPRING INITIALIZR工具产生基础项目
访问http://start.spring.io/，选择maven project和spring boot版本，点击下载。

2、解压项目，用ide导入。

二、

第一种方式需要连接start.spring.io，万一网络环境不好会导致创建时间过长。因此采用直接粘贴pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.eblly</groupId>
    <artifactId>hello-world</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>hello-world</name>
    <description>helloWorld</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.8.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-log4j2</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

为了编写简单web模块，因此导入了web模块。

项目结构截图：

项目结构

代码

HelloWorldApplication.java

package com.eblly;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

/**
 * @author eblly
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class HelloWorldApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(HelloWorldApplication.class, args);
    }
}

IndexController.java

package com.eblly;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author eblly
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/index")
public class IndexController {

    /**
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping
    public String index() {
        return "Hello Wlorld";
    }

    /**
     * @return
     */
    @GetMapping("/get")
    public Map<String, String> get() {
        Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("name", "hello");
        map.put("id", "007");
        return map;
    }

    /**
     * @param id
     * @param name
     * @return
     */
    @GetMapping("/get/{id}/{name}")
    public User getUser(@PathVariable int id, @PathVariable String name) {
        User user = new User();
        user.setName(name);
        user.setId(id);
        return user;
    }
}

User.java

package com.eblly;

/**
 * 实体类
 * 
 */
public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

测试类

package com.eblly;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockServletContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;

import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.equalTo;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.content;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;


@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = MockServletContext.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
public class HelloWorldApplicationTests {

    private MockMvc mvc;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        mvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(new IndexController()).build();
    }

    @Test
    public void getHello() throws Exception {
        mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/index").accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
           .andExpect(status().isOk())
           .andExpect(content().string(equalTo("Hello World")));
    }

}

运行HelloWorldApplication.java，浏览器访问http://localhost:8887/index,

image.png