与操作文件相关的通常关系到
Class#getResource()和
ClassLoader#getResource()和
ClassLoader#getResources()
三个方法,这里我们先把这个作个了解,首先我们需要知道Class#getResource()是通过ClassLoader#getResource()实现的,但是做了预处理:如果入参路径以/开头,如/icon/sample.gif,从classpath开始找=src下面开始找,如果入参路径不以/开头,从当前类所在的包下开始找,而ClassLoader#getResource()方法参数不能以/开头,否则返回null,这个方法是从classpath下找资源的,所以使用的时候注意,自己需要那个方法就用那个。
读取文件最重要的是将流的各个接口和类理清楚,这里提供一张图用来形象的描述这些类的关系:
public static void read1(String fileName) throws IOException {
File file = new File(fileName);
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
int fileLen = (int) file.length();
byte[] byteArray = new byte[fileLen];
in.read(byteArray, 0, fileLen);
in.close();
String str = new String(byteArray);
System.out.println(str);
}
public static void read2(String fileName) throws IOException {
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
InputStream is = new FileInputStream(fileName);
String line;
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
line = reader.readLine();
while (line != null) {
buffer.append(line);
buffer.append("\n");
line = reader.readLine();
}
reader.close();
is.close();
System.out.println(buffer.toString());
}
public static void read3(String fileName) throws IOException {
FileInputStream inStream = new FileInputStream(fileName);
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int length = -1;
while ((length = inStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
bos.write(buffer, 0, length);
}
bos.close();
inStream.close();
System.out.println(bos.toString());
}