springmvc+ajaxfileupload实现头像上传并预览

实现原理：利用ajaxfileupload.js + springmvc进行图片文件的上传，再利用base64编码技术得到图片的编码字符串，并返回到页面进行img预览。还可以吧编码字符串存入数据库，较大文件不建议存入数据库。(需要jquery支持)

js代码：

/**
 * 图片上传
 */
function ajaxFileUpload() {
	$.ajaxFileUpload({
       url:'../../../hr/upload.do', //需要链接到服务器地址
       secureuri:false,
       fileElementId:'file', //文件选择框的id属性
       dataType: 'json',  //服务器返回的格式类型
       success: function (data, status) //成功
       {      
           var json =  eval("("+data+")");//解析返回的json
           var imageCode = json.imageCode;
           if(imageCode!='-1'){
             $("#showImg").attr("src", imageCode); 
             $("#input_photo").val(imageCode);
             
           }else{
             alert("上传失败！只允许上传图片类型(jpg,gif,png)且小于1M的照片");
           }
            
           
       },
       error: function (data, status, e) //异常
       {
          alert("出错了，请重新上传！");
       }
   });
}

java代码：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;

import com.cpeam.hr.util.ImageUtil;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.google.gson.GsonBuilder;

/**
 * 图片上传控制器
 * @author tanfei
 * @date 2013-09-23
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/hr")
public class ImgUploadAction {

	@RequestMapping(value="uploadImg")
	public void uploadImg() {
		
	}
	
	/**
	 * 上传
	 * @param file
	 * @param request
	 * @param model
	 * @return
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value="/upload",method=RequestMethod.POST)
	public void fileUpload(@RequestParam("file")CommonsMultipartFile file,HttpServletRequest request
			,HttpServletResponse response){	 //图片文件上传
	    
		Map<String, Object> resMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
		String imageCode = "-1";//默认上传失败
		/**判断文件是否为空,空直接返回上传错误**/
		if(!file.isEmpty()){
			
			//获得文件后缀名
			String suffix = file.getOriginalFilename().substring(file.getOriginalFilename().lastIndexOf("."));
			if(suffix.equals(".jpg") || suffix.equals(".gif") || suffix.equals(".png")) {//检测图片类型
				if(file.getSize() > 1000000) {
					imageCode = "-1";
					//throw new Exception("上传失败：文件大小不能超过1M");
				}else {
					try {
						//将上传的图片转换成base64编码字符串
						imageCode = "data:image/gif;base64," + ImageUtil.encodeImageToStr(file.getInputStream());
					} catch (IOException e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
				}
			}
		}else{
			imageCode = "-1";
		}
		
		resMap.put("imageCode", imageCode);
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");//指定响应内容类型，避免<pre...
		
		try {
			PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
			Gson gson = new GsonBuilder().create();
			String gsonStr = gson.toJson(resMap);
			out.write(gsonStr);
			out.flush();
			
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
    }
	
}

springmvc文件配置：

<!-- 文件上传相关start tanfei 2013-09-20-->
    <!-- SpringMVC上传文件时，需要配置MultipartResolver处理器  -->
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"> 
        <!-- 指定所上传文件的总大小不能超过200KB。注意maxUploadSize属性的限制不是针对单个文件，而是所有文件的容量之和 -->
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="200000"/> 
    </bean> 
     
	<!-- SpringMVC在超出上传文件限制时，会抛出org.springframework.web.multipart.MaxUploadSizeExceededException -->    
    <!-- 该异常是SpringMVC在检查上传的文件信息时抛出来的，而且此时还没有进入到Controller方法中 -->
    <bean id="exceptionResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver"> 
        <property name="exceptionMappings"> 
            <props> 
            	<!-- 遇到MaxUploadSizeExceededException异常时，自动跳转到/WEB-INF/jsp/error_fileupload.jsp页面 -->
            	<prop key="org.springframework.web.multipart.MaxUploadSizeExceededException">error_fileupload</prop> 
                <prop key="java.lang.Exception">error_all</prop>
            </props> 
        </property>
     </bean>
     <!-- 文件上传相关end -->

jquery插件ajaxfileupload.js:

jQuery.extend({
	

    createUploadIframe: function(id, uri)
	{
			//create frame
            var frameId = 'jUploadFrame' + id;
            var iframeHtml = '<iframe id="' + frameId + '" name="' + frameId + '" style="position:absolute; top:-9999px; left:-9999px"';
			if(window.ActiveXObject)
			{
                if(typeof uri== 'boolean'){
					iframeHtml += ' src="' + 'javascript:false' + '"';

                }
                else if(typeof uri== 'string'){
					iframeHtml += ' src="' + uri + '"';

                }	
			}
			iframeHtml += ' />';
			jQuery(iframeHtml).appendTo(document.body);

            return jQuery('#' + frameId).get(0);			
    },
    createUploadForm: function(id, fileElementId,data)
	{
		//create form	
		var formId = 'jUploadForm' + id;
		var fileId = 'jUploadFile' + id;
		var form = jQuery('<form  action="" method="POST" name="' + formId + '" id="' + formId + '" enctype="multipart/form-data"></form>');	
		var oldElement = jQuery('#' + fileElementId);
		var newElement = jQuery(oldElement).clone();
		jQuery(oldElement).attr('id', fileId);
		jQuery(oldElement).before(newElement);
		jQuery(oldElement).appendTo(form);
		
		/*****    增加参数的支持   *****/ 
        if (data) {  
            for (var i in data) {  
                $('<input type="hidden" name="' + i + '" value="' + data[i] + '" />').appendTo(form);  
            }  
        }
        
		//set attributes
		jQuery(form).css('position', 'absolute');
		jQuery(form).css('top', '-1200px');
		jQuery(form).css('left', '-1200px');
		jQuery(form).appendTo('body');		
		return form;
    },

    ajaxFileUpload: function(s) {
        // TODO introduce global settings, allowing the client to modify them for all requests, not only timeout		
        s = jQuery.extend({}, jQuery.ajaxSettings, s);
        var id = new Date().getTime();
        // ADD  s.data
		var form = jQuery.createUploadForm(id, s.fileElementId, s.data);
		var io = jQuery.createUploadIframe(id, s.secureuri);
		var frameId = 'jUploadFrame' + id;
		var formId = 'jUploadForm' + id;		
        // Watch for a new set of requests
        if ( s.global && ! jQuery.active++ )
		{
			jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxStart" );
		}            
        var requestDone = false;
        // Create the request object
        var xml = {}   
        if ( s.global )
            jQuery.event.trigger("ajaxSend", [xml, s]);
        // Wait for a response to come back
        var uploadCallback = function(isTimeout)
		{			
			var io = document.getElementById(frameId);
            try 
			{				
				if(io.contentWindow)
				{
					 xml.responseText = io.contentWindow.document.body?io.contentWindow.document.body.innerHTML:null;
                	 xml.responseXML = io.contentWindow.document.XMLDocument?io.contentWindow.document.XMLDocument:io.contentWindow.document;
					 
				}else if(io.contentDocument)
				{
					 xml.responseText = io.contentDocument.document.body?io.contentDocument.document.body.innerHTML:null;
                	xml.responseXML = io.contentDocument.document.XMLDocument?io.contentDocument.document.XMLDocument:io.contentDocument.document;
				}						
            }catch(e)
			{
				jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e);
			}
            if ( xml || isTimeout == "timeout") 
			{				
                requestDone = true;
                var status;
                try {
                    status = isTimeout != "timeout" ? "success" : "error";
                    // Make sure that the request was successful or notmodified
                    if ( status != "error" )
					{
                        // process the data (runs the xml through httpData regardless of callback)
                        var data = jQuery.uploadHttpData( xml, s.dataType );
                        // If a local callback was specified, fire it and pass it the data
                        if ( s.success )
                            s.success( data, status );
    
                        // Fire the global callback
                        if( s.global )
                            jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxSuccess", [xml, s] );
                    } else
                        jQuery.handleError(s, xml, status);
                } catch(e) 
				{
                    status = "error";
                    jQuery.handleError(s, xml, status, e);
                }

                // The request was completed
                if( s.global )
                    jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxComplete", [xml, s] );

                // Handle the global AJAX counter
                if ( s.global && ! --jQuery.active )
                    jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxStop" );

                // Process result
                if ( s.complete )
                    s.complete(xml, status);

                jQuery(io).unbind()

                setTimeout(function()
									{	try 
										{
											jQuery(io).remove();
											jQuery(form).remove();	
											
										} catch(e) 
										{
											jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e);
										}									

									}, 100)

                xml = null

            }
        }
        // Timeout checker
        if ( s.timeout > 0 ) 
		{
            setTimeout(function(){
                // Check to see if the request is still happening
                if( !requestDone ) uploadCallback( "timeout" );
            }, s.timeout);
        }
        try 
		{

			var form = jQuery('#' + formId);
			jQuery(form).attr('action', s.url);
			jQuery(form).attr('method', 'POST');
			jQuery(form).attr('target', frameId);
            if(form.encoding)
			{
				jQuery(form).attr('encoding', 'multipart/form-data');      			
            }
            else
			{	
				jQuery(form).attr('enctype', 'multipart/form-data');			
            }			
            jQuery(form).submit();

        } catch(e) 
		{			
            jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e);
        }
		
		jQuery('#' + frameId).load(uploadCallback	);
        return {abort: function () {}};	

    },
    
    /** handleError 方法在jquery1.4.2之后移除了，此处重写改方法 **/
    handleError: function( s, xhr, status, e ) {
    	// If a local callback was specified, fire it
		if ( s.error ) {
			s.error.call( s.context || s, xhr, status, e );
		}
	
		// Fire the global callback
		if ( s.global ) {
			(s.context ? jQuery(s.context) : jQuery.event).trigger( "ajaxError", [xhr, s, e] );
		}
    },

    uploadHttpData: function( r, type ) {
    	
    	//alert("-->" + r.responseText);
    	try{
    		//debugger;
	        var data = !type;
	        data = type == "xml" || data ? r.responseXML : r.responseText;
	        // If the type is "script", eval it in global context
	        if ( type == "script" ){
	        	 jQuery.globalEval( data );
	        }
	          
	        // Get the JavaScript object, if JSON is used.
	        if ( type == "json" ){
	        	 /*** 如果返回的是字符串(JSON格式字符串)，下面会报错，导致无法走入sucess方法 加上\"  ***/
	        	 // eval( "data = " + data );
	        	 eval("data = \" "+data+" \" ");
	        }
	        // evaluate scripts within html
	        if ( type == "html" ){
	        	jQuery("<div>").html(data).evalScripts();
	        }
    	}catch(e) {
    	}    
        return data;
    }
    

    		
})