实验要求及拓扑
一、实验思路
1.编写静态路由使R1、R2之间可通和使R4、R5之间可通。
2.使用OSPF使R2、R3、R4之间可通。
3.各自宣告AS区域,中间区域两两之间建邻。
4.注意建邻所使用的端口,外部BGP邻居关系和内部BGP邻居关系的区别。
二、上虚拟机操作
1.IP地址配置
[r1]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.1 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 24
[r2]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 24
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 23.1.1.1 24
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip add 2.2.2.2 24
[r3]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 23.1.1.2 24
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 34.1.1.1 24
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip add 3.3.3.3 24
[r4]int g0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 34.1.1.2 24
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 45.1.1.1 24
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[r4-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 24
[r4-LoopBack0]int g0/0/2
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 54.1.1.1 24
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
[r5]int g0/0/0
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 45.1.1.2 24
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 45.1.1.2 24
Error: The address already exists.
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 54.1.1.2 24
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip add 5.5.5.5 24
[r5-LoopBack1]ip add 99.1.1.1 24
2.写静态使R1、R2之间可通和使R4、R5之间可通。
[r1]ip route-static 2.2.2.2 32 12.1.1.2
[r2]ip route-static 1.1.1.1 32 12.1.1.1
[r4]ip route-static 5.5.5.5 32 45.1.1.2
[r4]ip route-static 5.5.5.5 32 54.1.1.2
[r5]ip route-static 4.4.4.4 32 45.1.1.1
[r5]ip route-static 4.4.4.4 32 54.1.1.1
3.使用OSPF使R2、R3、R4之间可通。
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]a 0.
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 23.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]area 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 23.1.1.2 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-ospf-1]a 0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 34.1.1.2 0.0.0.0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0
4.BGP的建邻
外部:
[r1]bgp 1
[r1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 2
[r1-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r1-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 ebgp-max-hop 2
默认IBGP邻居间数据包的TTL值为255,EBGP邻居间TTL为1;故一旦使用环回建立ebgp邻居关系,必须修改TTL值,否则无法建立
[r2]bgp 2
[r2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 1
[r2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r4-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 3
[r4-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r4-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r5]bgp 3
[r5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 2
[r5-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r5-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 ebgp-max-hop 2
内部:
本地从一个IBGP邻居处学习到的路由条目,不得传递给本地的其他IBGP邻居;
需要两两建邻
[r2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 2
[r2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 next-hop-local
[r2-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 2
[r2-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 next-hop-local
[r3]bgp 2
[r3-bgp]router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 2
[r3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r3-bgp]peer 2. as-number 2
[r3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 2
[r3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 next-hop-local [r4]bgp 2
[r4-bgp]router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 2
[r4-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r4-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 next-hop-local
[r4-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 2
[r4-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r4-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 next-hop-local
5.宣告路由
[r1-bgp]network 1.1.1.0 24
[r2-bgp]network 2.2.2.0 24
[r3-bgp]network 3.3.3.0 24
[r4-bgp]network 4.4.4.0 24
[r5-bgp]network 5.5.5.0 24
[r5-bgp]network 99.1.1.1 24