R语言学习（三）

1.使用矩阵结合数据

> Dmat <- matrix(nrow = 8, ncol = 4)
> Dmat
     [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]
[1,]   NA   NA   NA   NA
[2,]   NA   NA   NA   NA
[3,]   NA   NA   NA   NA
[4,]   NA   NA   NA   NA
[5,]   NA   NA   NA   NA
[6,]   NA   NA   NA   NA
[7,]   NA   NA   NA   NA
[8,]   NA   NA   NA   NA
> Dmat[, 1] <- c(59,55,53.5,55,52.5,57.5,53,55)
> Dmat[, 2] <- c(22.3,19.7,20.8,20.3,20.8,21.5,20.6,21.5)
> Dmat[, 3] <- c(31.2,30.4,30.6,30.3,30.3,30.8,32.5,NA)
> Dmat[, 4] <- c(9.5,13.8,14.8,15.2,15.5,15.6,15.6,15.7)
> Dmat
     [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]
[1,] 59.0 22.3 31.2  9.5
[2,] 55.0 19.7 30.4 13.8
[3,] 53.5 20.8 30.6 14.8
[4,] 55.0 20.3 30.3 15.2
[5,] 52.5 20.8 30.3 15.5
[6,] 57.5 21.5 30.8 15.6
[7,] 53.0 20.6 32.5 15.6
[8,] 55.0 21.5   NA 15.7
> colnames(Dmat) <- c("Wingcrd","Tarsus","Head","Wt")
> Dmat
     Wingcrd Tarsus Head   Wt
[1,]    59.0   22.3 31.2  9.5
[2,]    55.0   19.7 30.4 13.8
[3,]    53.5   20.8 30.6 14.8
[4,]    55.0   20.3 30.3 15.2
[5,]    52.5   20.8 30.3 15.5
[6,]    57.5   21.5 30.8 15.6
[7,]    53.0   20.6 32.5 15.6
[8,]    55.0   21.5   NA 15.7

2.使用data.frame函数结合数据

3.使用list函数结合数据

注意：list函数中不能用“<-”符号，只能用“=”

//给四个变量赋值
> x1 <- c(1,2,3)
> x2 <- c("a","b","c","d")
> x3 <- 3
> x4 <- matrix(nrow =2, ncol = 2)
> x4 [, 1] <- c(1, 2)
> x4 [, 2] <- c(3, 4)

//把四个变量装进Y这个盒子中
> Y <- list(x1 = x1, x2 = x2, x3 = x3, x4 = x4)
> Y
$`x1`
[1] 1 2 3

$x2
[1] "a" "b" "c" "d"

$x3
[1] 3

$x4
     [,1] [,2]
[1,]    1    3
[2,]    2    4

用“<-”符号，只能用“=”