1、水平居中
1) text-align:设置块级元素(父级元素)里面的内容水平居中
<div class="parent">
<span>hao </span>
</div>
.parent{
text-align: center;
width: 0.5rem;
background: gray;
color: yellow;
}
2) width: fit-content————父级元素的宽度设为该值,由子元素内容撑开父元素的宽度,在结合margin-auto
<div class="parent">
<span>hao </span>
</div>
.parent{
width: fit-content;
margin: auto;
background: gray;
color: yellow;
}
3)块级元素里面嵌套块级元素:margin: 0 auto
<div class="parent">
<div class="child">hao </div>
</div>
.parent{
background: gray;
height: 300px;
}
.child{
margin: 0 auto;
background-color: red;
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
}
2、垂直居中
1)line-height(行内元素或者块级行内元素)—给父元素(块级元素)设置height=line-height(给块级元素设置line-height,也是作用于块级框内的内容或者行内元素、块级行内元素),父元素里面包裹行内元素,用200px - 1 em得到的值分成两份,分别加到字体的上下部分区域,这样字体就平分上下区域,形成一种垂直居中的效果
<div class="parent">
<span>hao </span>
</div>
.parent{
line-height: 200px;
background: gray;
color: #ffff00;
}
3、水平,垂直居中
1)定位(父元素相对定位,子元素绝对定位) + margin-top、margin-left (子元素已经知道宽高)
<div class="parent">
<div class="child"> </div>
</div>
.parent{
position: relative;
background: gray;
height: 300px;
}
.child{
background-color: red;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
position: absolute;
top: 50%;
left: 50%;
margin-top: -50px;
margin-left: -50px;
}
2)定位 + margin:auto,缺点需要知道元素的宽高
<div class="parent">
<div class="child"></div>
</div>
.parent{
position: relative;
background: gray;
height: 300px;
}
.child{
height: 200px;
width: 200px;
background-color: red;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
bottom: 0;
right: 0;
margin: auto;
}
3)定位 + calc(),前提已经知道子元素的宽高
<div class="parent">
<div class="child"> </div>
</div>
.parent{
position: relative;
background: gray;
height: 300px;
}
.child{
background-color: red;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
position: absolute;
top: calc(50% - 50px);
left: calc(50% - 50px);
}
4) 定位 + transform,优点:不需要知道父元素的宽高
<div class="parent">
<div class="child">fdfd</div>
</div>
.parent{
position: relative;
background: gray;
height: 300px;
}
.child{
background-color: red;
position: absolute;
top: 50%;
left: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}
5)padding: 固定值(父元素),父元素和子元素都为块级元素,并且不设定width
<div class="parent">
<div class="child"></div>
</div>
.parent{
position: relative;
background: gray;
padding: 20px;
}
.child{
height: 200px;
background-color: red;
}
6)flex布局
<div class="parent">
<div class="child"></div>
</div>
.parent{
height: 300px;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
background: gray;
}
.child{
height: 200px;
width: 200px;
background-color: red;
}