【C#控件专题一】C#控件基类Component与IContainer的配合使用

关于IContainer 接口在如下MSDN中解释的应用解析

https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/api/system.componentmodel.icontainer?redirectedfrom=MSDN&view=netframework-4.8

//This code segment implements the IContainer interface.  The code segment 
//containing the implementation of ISite and IComponent can be found in the documentation
//for those interfaces.

//Implement the LibraryContainer using the IContainer interface.

class LibraryContainer : IContainer
{
    private ArrayList m_bookList;

    public LibraryContainer()
    {
        m_bookList = new ArrayList();
    }

    public virtual void Add(IComponent book)
    {
        //The book will be added without creation of the ISite object.
        m_bookList.Add(book);
    }

    public virtual void Add(IComponent book, string ISNDNNum)
    {
        for(int i =0; i < m_bookList.Count; ++i)
        {
            IComponent curObj = (IComponent)m_bookList[i];
            if(curObj.Site != null)
            {
                if(curObj.Site.Name.Equals(ISNDNNum))
                    throw new ArgumentException("The ISBN number already exists in the container"); 
            }
        }

        ISBNSite data = new ISBNSite(this, book);
        data.Name = ISNDNNum;
        book.Site = data;
        m_bookList.Add(book);
    }

    public virtual void Remove(IComponent book)
    {
        for(int i =0; i < m_bookList.Count; ++i)
        {				
            if(book.Equals(m_bookList[i]))
            {
                m_bookList.RemoveAt(i);
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

    public ComponentCollection Components
    {
        get
        {
            IComponent[] datalist = new BookComponent[m_bookList.Count];
            m_bookList.CopyTo(datalist);
            return new ComponentCollection(datalist);
        }
    }

    public virtual void Dispose()
    {	
        for(int i =0; i < m_bookList.Count; ++i)
        {
            IComponent curObj = (IComponent)m_bookList[i];
            curObj.Dispose();
        }
        
        m_bookList.Clear();
    }

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        LibraryContainer cntrExmpl = new LibraryContainer();

        try 
        {
            BookComponent book1 = new BookComponent("Wizard's First Rule", "Terry Gooodkind");
            cntrExmpl.Add(book1, "0812548051");
            BookComponent book2 = new BookComponent("Stone of Tears", "Terry Gooodkind");
            cntrExmpl.Add(book2, "0812548094");
            BookComponent book3 = new BookComponent("Blood of the Fold", "Terry Gooodkind");
            cntrExmpl.Add(book3, "0812551478");
            BookComponent book4 = new BookComponent("The Soul of the Fire", "Terry Gooodkind");
            //This will generate exception because the ISBN already exists in the container.
            cntrExmpl.Add(book4, "0812551478");
        }
        catch (ArgumentException e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Unable to add books: " + e.Message);
        }

        ComponentCollection datalist =cntrExmpl.Components;
        IEnumerator denum = datalist.GetEnumerator();

        while(denum.MoveNext())
        {
            BookComponent cmp = (BookComponent)denum.Current;
            Console.WriteLine("Book Title: " + cmp.Title);
            Console.WriteLine("Book Author: " + cmp.Author);
            Console.WriteLine("Book ISBN: " + cmp.Site.Name);
        }
    }
}

        在上面的源码中LibraryContainer充当了容器的角色，BookComponent只包含两个属性，一个是书名Title，一个是作者名Author，但是光凭这两个属性，我们不好唯一标识一本书，因为我们在数据库的概念中，我们一般只会用一个不会重复的字段标识一个元素，在数据库中我们称它为主键。于是这里我们新引入一个类ISBNSite，我们用这个类的Name属性包装书号，同时这个类派生自ISite接口，而BookComponent继承自Component类,通过Component的Site成员，实现了BookComponent与ISBNSite的绑定。

       于是我们发现在如上main函数中，我们只要创建一个类似LibraryContainer的容器，并将派生自Component的BookComponent依次添加，就可以通过Components属性返回该BookComponent的集合，并依次访问。

        接下来我们拿C#的Button控件类来分析，这个控件类依次派生自ButtonBase->Control->Component类，Component类下有Site属性，是不是觉得有点似曾相识，对，你只要实现一个类似的容器，并添加控件，就可以通过你的容器访问这些控件了，当然也可以通过Dispose统一释放该容器占用的所有控件资源。