流程分析:
- 甲方构建密钥对儿,将公钥公布给乙方,将私钥保留。
- 甲方使用私钥加密数据,然后用私钥对加密后的数据签名,发送给乙方签名以及加密后的数据;乙方使用公钥、签名来验证待解密数据是否有效,如果有效使用公钥对数据解密。
- 乙方使用公钥加密数据,向甲方发送经过加密后的数据;甲方获得加密数据,通过私钥解密。
package cn.tzz.java.crypto;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.Key;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.PublicKey;
import java.security.Signature;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder;
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;
public class RSACryptUtil {
public static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "RSA";
public static final String SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM = "MD5withRSA";
private static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "RSAPublicKey";
private static final String PRIVATE_KEY = "RSAPrivateKey";
public static String encryptBASE64(byte[] key) {
return (new BASE64Encoder()).encodeBuffer(key);
}
public static byte[] decryptBASE64(String key) throws IOException {
return new BASE64Decoder().decodeBuffer(key);
}
/**初始化密钥*/
public static Map<String, Object> initKey() {
KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen;
Map<String, Object> keyMap = new HashMap<String, Object>(2);
try {
keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
keyPairGen.initialize(1024);
KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();// 公钥
RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();// 私钥
keyMap.put(PUBLIC_KEY, publicKey);
keyMap.put(PRIVATE_KEY, privateKey);
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return keyMap;
}
/**获取私钥*/
public static String getPrivateKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap){
Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PRIVATE_KEY);
return encryptBASE64(key.getEncoded());
}
/**获取公钥*/
public static String getPublicKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap){
Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PUBLIC_KEY);
return encryptBASE64(key.getEncoded());
}
/**用公钥解密*/
public static byte[] decryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String key) throws Exception {
byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key);// 对密钥解密
// 取得公钥
X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
Key publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);
// 对数据解密
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
return cipher.doFinal(data);
}
/**用私钥解密*/
public static byte[] decryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String key) throws Exception {
byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key);// 对密钥解密
// 取得私钥
PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
Key privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
// 对数据解密
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
return cipher.doFinal(data);
}
/**用公钥加密*/
public static byte[] encryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String key) throws Exception {
byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key);// 对公钥解密
// 取得公钥
X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
Key publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);
// 对数据加密
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
return cipher.doFinal(data);
}
/**用私钥加密*/
public static byte[] encryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String key) throws Exception {
byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key);// 对密钥解密
// 取得私钥
PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
Key privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
// 对数据加密
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
return cipher.doFinal(data);
}
/**
* 用私钥对信息生成数字签名
* @param data 加密数据
* @param privateKey 私钥
*/
public static String sign(byte[] data, String privateKey) throws Exception {
byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(privateKey);// 解密由base64编码的私钥
// 构造PKCS8EncodedKeySpec对象
PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
// KEY_ALGORITHM 指定的加密算法
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
// 取私钥匙对象
PrivateKey priKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
// 用私钥对信息生成数字签名
Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM);
signature.initSign(priKey);
signature.update(data);
return encryptBASE64(signature.sign());
}
/**
* 校验数字签名
* @param data 加密数据
* @param publicKey 公钥
* @param sign 数字签名
*
* @return 校验成功返回true 失败返回false
*
*/
public static boolean verify(byte[] data, String publicKey, String sign) throws Exception {
byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(publicKey);// 解密由base64编码的公钥
// 构造X509EncodedKeySpec对象
X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
// KEY_ALGORITHM 指定的加密算法
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
// 取公钥匙对象
PublicKey pubKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM);
signature.initVerify(pubKey);
signature.update(data);
// 验证签名是否正常
return signature.verify(decryptBASE64(sign));
}
}
测试类:
package cn.tzz.java.crypto;
import java.util.Map;
import org.junit.Test;
public class RSACryptUtilTest {
private static String publicKey;
private static String privateKey;
static {
Map<String, Object> keyMap = RSACryptUtil.initKey();
publicKey = RSACryptUtil.getPublicKey(keyMap);
privateKey = RSACryptUtil.getPrivateKey(keyMap);
System.out.println("公钥: \n\r" + publicKey);
System.out.println("私钥: \n\r" + privateKey);
}
@Test
public void test(){
try {
System.out.println("公钥加密---私钥解密");
String date = "123456";
byte[] encodedData = RSACryptUtil.encryptByPublicKey(date.getBytes(), publicKey);
String encodedStr = RSACryptUtil.encryptBASE64(encodedData);
byte[] decodedData = RSACryptUtil.decryptByPrivateKey(RSACryptUtil.decryptBASE64(encodedStr), privateKey);
String outputStr = new String(decodedData);
System.out.println("加密前: " + date + "\n\r" + "加密后: " + encodedStr + "\n\r" + "解密后: " + outputStr);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Test
public void testSign() throws Exception {
try {
System.out.println("私钥加密---公钥解密");
String inputStr = "123456";
byte[] data = inputStr.getBytes();
byte[] encodedData = RSACryptUtil.encryptByPrivateKey(data, privateKey);
byte[] decodedData = RSACryptUtil.decryptByPublicKey(encodedData, publicKey);
String outputStr = new String(decodedData);
System.out.println("加密前: " + inputStr + "\n\r" + "解密后: " + outputStr);
System.out.println("私钥签名——公钥验证签名");
// 产生签名
String sign = RSACryptUtil.sign(encodedData, privateKey);
System.out.println("签名:\r" + sign);
// 验证签名
boolean status = RSACryptUtil.verify(encodedData, publicKey, sign);
System.out.println("状态:\r" + status);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}