[LeetCode]185. 部门工资前三高的所有员工

部门工资前三高的所有员工

Employee 表包含所有员工信息，每个员工有其对应的工号 Id，姓名 Name，工资 Salary 和部门编号 DepartmentId 。

Id	Name	Salary	DepartmentId
1	Joe	85000	1
2	Henry	80000	2
3	Sam	60000	2
4	Max	90000	1
5	Janet	69000	1
6	Randy	85000	1
7	Will	70000	1

Department 表包含公司所有部门的信息。

Id	Name
1	IT
2	Sales

编写一个 SQL 查询，找出每个部门获得前三高工资的所有员工。例如，根据上述给定的表，查询结果应返回：

Department	Employee	Salary
IT	Max	90000
IT	Randy	85000
IT	Joe	85000
IT	Will	70000
Sales	Henry	80000
Sales	Sam	60000

解释：

IT 部门中，Max 获得了最高的工资，Randy 和 Joe 都拿到了第二高的工资，Will 的工资排第三。销售部门（Sales）只有两名员工，Henry 的工资最高，Sam 的工资排第二。

思路

1.先建表造数据：

Create table If Not Exists Employee (Id int, Name varchar(255), Salary int, DepartmentId int)
Create table If Not Exists Department (Id int, Name varchar(255))
Truncate table Employee
insert into Employee (Id, Name, Salary, DepartmentId) values ('1', 'Joe', '85000', '1')
insert into Employee (Id, Name, Salary, DepartmentId) values ('2', 'Henry', '80000', '2')
insert into Employee (Id, Name, Salary, DepartmentId) values ('3', 'Sam', '60000', '2')
insert into Employee (Id, Name, Salary, DepartmentId) values ('4', 'Max', '90000', '1')
insert into Employee (Id, Name, Salary, DepartmentId) values ('5', 'Janet', '69000', '1')
insert into Employee (Id, Name, Salary, DepartmentId) values ('6', 'Randy', '85000', '1')
insert into Employee (Id, Name, Salary, DepartmentId) values ('7', 'Will', '70000', '1')
Truncate table Department
insert into Department (Id, Name) values ('1', 'IT')
insert into Department (Id, Name) values ('2', 'Sales')

先查询到部门名字、员工名字、薪水，判断条件为不超过3个工资比这些值大的值。

SELECT
	d.NAME AS Department,
	e1.NAME AS Employee,
	e1.Salary 
FROM
	Employee e1
	JOIN Department d ON e1.DepartmentId = d.Id 
WHERE
		3 > (
				SELECT
						COUNT( DISTINCT e2.Salary ) 
				FROM
						Employee e2 
				WHERE
						e2.Salary > e1.Salary 
				AND e1.DepartmentId = e2.DepartmentId 
				)