Timer源代码分析

Timer源代码分析

u64 jiffies_64 __cacheline_aligned_in_smp = INITIAL_JIFFIES;

EXPORT_SYMBOL(jiffies_64);

 

/*

 * Have the 32 bit jiffies value wrap 5 minutes after boot

 * so jiffies wrap bugs show up earlier.

 */

#define INITIAL_JIFFIES ((unsigned long)(unsigned int) (-300*HZ))

 

一般在嵌入式的平台上，HZ取值为100，所以300*HZ的值为30000。30000的十六进制表示为0x7530。数据都是以补码的形式存储的，正数的补码是它本身，负数的补码是取反再加1。0x7530取反后是0xffff8acf，再加1后是0xffff8ad0。由于经过了强制类型转换(unsigned long)(unsigned int)，所以jiffies_64被赋值为0xffff8ad0

 

/*

 * per-CPU timer vector definitions:

 */

#define TVN_BITS (CONFIG_BASE_SMALL ? 4 : 6)

#define TVR_BITS (CONFIG_BASE_SMALL ? 6 : 8)

#define TVN_SIZE (1 << TVN_BITS)

#define TVR_SIZE (1 << TVR_BITS)

#define TVN_MASK (TVN_SIZE - 1)

#define TVR_MASK (TVR_SIZE - 1)

 

struct tvec {

                        struct list_head vec[TVN_SIZE];

};

 

struct tvec_root {

                        struct list_head vec[TVR_SIZE];

};

 

struct tvec_base {

                        spinlock_t lock;

                        struct timer_list *running_timer;

                        unsigned long timer_jiffies;

                        unsigned long next_timer;

                        struct tvec_root tv1;

                        struct tvec tv2;

                        struct tvec tv3;

                        struct tvec tv4;

                        struct tvec tv5;

} ____cacheline_aligned;

 

struct tvec_base boot_tvec_bases;

EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_tvec_bases);

static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct tvec_base *, tvec_bases) = &boot_tvec_bases;

 

这段代码是per-CPU定时器矢量的定义。

    一般在内存比较少的平台才会定义CONFIG_BASE_SMALL为1，以便缩减内存的占用。在我们的平台上，CONFIG_BASE_SMALL定义为0。所以TVN_BITS为6，TVR_BITS为8，TVN_SIZE为26 =64，TVN_SIZE为28=256，TVN_MASK为0X3F，TVR_MASK为0XFF。

struct tvec 是一个有64个链表头的数组，struct tvec_base是一个有256个链表头的数组。

struct tvec_base结构体中：

lock是个自旋锁，操作struct tvec_base结构体中的变量值时都必须持有锁，以免引起同步等问题。

running_timer是本地cpu正在运行的定时器。

timer_jiffies 表示需要检查的动态定时器的最早到期时间。该字段在系统启动时被设置成jiffies的值，且只能由run_timer_softirq()函数增加它的值。一般情况下，它的值bijiffies的值大1。

next_timer是本地cpu最早到期的定时器。

tv1是包含256个list_head元素的数组，包含了在28-1个节拍内将要到期的所有动态定时器。

tv2是包含64个list_head元素的数组，包含了在214-1个节拍内将要到期的所有动态定时器。

tv3是包含64个list_head元素的数组，包含了在220-1个节拍内将要到期的所有动态定时器。

tv4是包含64个list_head元素的数组，包含了在226-1个节拍内将要到期的所有动态定时器。

tv5 与前面的字段几乎相同，但唯一的区别就是vec数组的最后一项是一个大expires字段值的动态定时器。

 

 

/* Functions below help us manage 'deferrable' flag */

static inline unsigned int tbase_get_deferrable(struct tvec_base *base)

{

                   return ((unsigned int)(unsigned long)base & TBASE_DEFERRABLE_FLAG);

}

 

static inline struct tvec_base *tbase_get_base(struct tvec_base *base)

{

                   return ((struct tvec_base *)((unsigned long)base & ~TBASE_DEFERRABLE_FLAG));

}

 

static inline void timer_set_deferrable(struct timer_list *timer)

{

                   timer->base = TBASE_MAKE_DEFERRED(timer->base);

}

 

static inline void

timer_set_base(struct timer_list *timer, struct tvec_base *new_base)

{

                   timer->base = (struct tvec_base *)((unsigned long)(new_base) |

                                                                                                 tbase_get_deferrable(timer->base));

}

 

/*

 * Note that all tvec_bases are 2 byte aligned and lower bit of

 * base in timer_list is guaranteed to be zero. Use the LSB to

 * indicate whether the timer is deferrable.

 *

 * A deferrable timer will work normally when the system is busy, but

 * will not cause a CPU to come out of idle just to service it; instead,

 * the timer will be serviced when the CPU eventually wakes up with a

 * subsequent non-deferrable timer.

 */

#define TBASE_DEFERRABLE_FLAG                                     (0x1)

 

刚看这段代码时看得一头雾水，竟然绕个弯来判断定时器是否是可延迟的。它的原理是这样的：tvec_bases这个数据结构是2个字节对齐的，而timer_list结构体的base字段就是指向tvec_base的地址，所以base的值肯定是2的倍数，即最低位为0。搞不明白为什么要这样设计，增加代码复杂性，难道仅仅是为了省个保存标志位的内存？

 

#define TBASE_MAKE_DEFERRED(ptr) ((struct tvec_base *)                             \

                                             ((unsigned char *)(ptr) + TBASE_DEFERRABLE_FLAG))

这个宏定义的作用是将原来的地址加1，即如果原来timer_list的base字段的地址为0x11223344，调用timer_set_deferrable(struct timer_list *timer)之后timer->base的值变为0x11223345。

 

static unsigned long round_jiffies_common(unsigned long j, int cpu,

                                           bool force_up)

{

                   int rem;

                   unsigned long original = j;

 

                   /*

                    * We don't want all cpus firing their timers at once hitting the

                    * same lock or cachelines, so we skew each extra cpu with an extra

                    * 3 jiffies. This 3 jiffies came originally from the mm/ code which

                    * already did this.

                    * The skew is done by adding 3*cpunr, then round, then subtract this

                    * extra offset again.

                    */

                   j += cpu * 3;

 

                   rem = j % HZ;

 

                   /*

                    * If the target jiffie is just after a whole second (which can happen

                    * due to delays of the timer irq, long irq off times etc etc) then

                    * we should round down to the whole second, not up. Use 1/4th second

                    * as cutoff for this rounding as an extreme upper bound for this.

                    * But never round down if @force_up is set.

                    */

                   if (rem < HZ/4 && !force_up) /* round down */