VM crash or System.exit called

运行maven的install，运行单元测试时遇到以下异常信息：

Exception in thread "main" Exception: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError thrown from the UncaughtExceptionHandler in thread "main"

[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.18.1:test (default-test) on project ps_tasks: Execution default-test of goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.18.1:test failed: The forked VM terminated without properly saying goodbye. VM crash or System.exit called?
[ERROR] Command was cmd.exe /X /C ""\Java\jdk1.7.0_79\jre\bin\java" -jar \target\surefire\surefirebooter2931168795539383516.jar \target\surefire\surefire514692744608019810tmp \target\surefire\surefire_01585321602340720598tmp"
[ERROR] -> [Help 1]
org.apache.maven.lifecycle.LifecycleExecutionException: Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.18.1:test (default-test) on project ps_tasks: Execution default-test of goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.18.1:test failed: The forked VM terminated without properly saying goodbye. VM crash or System.exit called?
Command was cmd.exe /X /C ""\Java\jdk1.7.0_79\jre\bin\java" -jar \target\surefire\surefirebooter2931168795539383516.jar \target\surefire\surefire514692744608019810tmp \target\surefire\surefire_01585321602340720598tmp"
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:212)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:153)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:145)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:116)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:80)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.builder.singlethreaded.SingleThreadedBuilder.build(SingleThreadedBuilder.java:51)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.execute(LifecycleStarter.java:128)
at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:307)
at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:193)
at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.execute(DefaultMaven.java:106)
at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.execute(MavenCli.java:863)
at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.doMain(MavenCli.java:288)
at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.main(MavenCli.java:199)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced(Launcher.java:289)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:229)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode(Launcher.java:415)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:356)
at org.codehaus.classworlds.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:47)
Caused by: org.apache.maven.plugin.PluginExecutionException: Execution default-test of goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.18.1:test failed: The forked VM terminated without properly saying goodbye. VM crash or System.exit called?
Command was cmd.exe /X /C ""\Java\jdk1.7.0_79\jre\bin\java" -jar \target\surefire\surefirebooter2931168795539383516.jar \target\surefire\surefire514692744608019810tmp \target\surefire\surefire_01585321602340720598tmp"
at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:145)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:207)
... 21 more
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: The forked VM terminated without properly saying goodbye. VM crash or System.exit called?
Command was cmd.exe /X /C ""\Java\jdk1.7.0_79\jre\bin\java" -jar \target\surefire\surefirebooter2931168795539383516.jar \target\surefire\surefire514692744608019810tmp \target\surefire\surefire_01585321602340720598tmp"
at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.booterclient.ForkStarter.fork(ForkStarter.java:515)
at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.booterclient.ForkStarter.fork(ForkStarter.java:380)
at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.booterclient.ForkStarter.run(ForkStarter.java:167)
at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.AbstractSurefireMojo.executeProvider(AbstractSurefireMojo.java:990)
at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.AbstractSurefireMojo.executeAfterPreconditionsChecked(AbstractSurefireMojo.java:824)
at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.AbstractSurefireMojo.execute(AbstractSurefireMojo.java:722)
at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:134)
... 22 more

 

看到了OutOfMemoryError 想当然地以为mvn运行时候的内存不够，于是增大了mvn运行内存，但是仍然没有启作用。

百度了一下 The forked VM terminated without properly saying goodbye，有说是因为在Test方法中加了System.exit(0);代码，导致进程退出。于是搜索了整个test目录，并没有发现System.exit(0);语句。

好吧，那就老老实实查看maven-surefire-plugin的文档。其中有个forkMode参数很重要。

Maven运行测试用例时，是通过调用maven的surefire插件并fork一个子进程来执行用例的。forkmode属性中指明是要为每个测试创建一个进程，还是所有测试在同一个进程中完成。

forkMode 可设置值有 “never”， “once”， “always” 和 “pertest”。
pretest： 每一个测试创建一个新进程，为每个测试创建新的JVM是单独测试的最彻底方式，但也是最慢的，不适合hudson上持续回归
once：在一个进程中进行所有测试。once为默认设置，在Hudson上持续回归时建议使用默认设置。
always：在一个进程中并行的运行脚本，Junit4.7以上版本才可以使用，surefire的版本要在2.6以上提供这个功能，其中 threadCount：执行时，指定可分配的线程数量。只和参数parallel配合使用有效。默认：5。
 

查看pom.xml文件，并没有设置forkMode ，forkMode 使用了默认值，也就是once，表示每次运行test时,新建一个JVM进程运行所有test.。到这里问题就很清晰了，显然是新建的vm使用了默认的运行参数而OutOfMemoryError 了。接下来就好办了，修改pom.xml配置如下：

 

 

	<build>
	     <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.18.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <forkMode>once</forkMode>
                    <argLine>-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -Xmx1024m -XX:PermSize=256m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m</argLine>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>	     <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.18.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <forkMode>once</forkMode>
                    <argLine>-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -Xmx1024m -XX:PermSize=256m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m</argLine>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

重新运行mvn，问题已解决。