C++之UDP通信例程

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-17 03:15:52 发布

付宇利

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-17 03:15:52 发布

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文章标签： c++ udp 开发语言网络协议

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/techenliu/article/details/132815136

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C++之UDP通信例程

UDP（User Datagram Protocol，用户数据报协议）是一种无连接的传输层协议，它不像TCP那样提供可靠的数据传输服务，但具有简单、快速的特点。在C++中使用UDP协议进行通信，需要使用Socket编程。

以下是一个简单的C++ UDP通信例程，包括UDP服务端和客户端：

UDP服务端：

#include <iostream>  
#include <cstring>  
#include <cstdlib>  
#include <cstdio>  
#include <sys/socket.h>  
#include <arpa/inet.h>  
#include <unistd.h>  
  
#define MAX_BUFFER_SIZE 1024  
#define PORT 8888  
  
int main() {  
    int sockfd;  
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr, client_addr;  
    char buffer[MAX_BUFFER_SIZE];  
    int addrlen = sizeof(client_addr);  
      
    // 创建UDP套接字  
    if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) == -1) {  
        perror("socket");  
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);  
    }  
      
    // 初始化服务器地址信息  
    memset(&server_addr, 0, sizeof(server_addr));  
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;  
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);  
    server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;  
      
    // 绑定服务器地址信息到套接字  
    if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) == -1) {  
        perror("bind");  
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);  
    }  
      
    std::cout << "Server is running on port " << PORT << std::endl;  
      
    while (true) {  
        // 接收客户端数据  
        int n = recvfrom(sockfd, (char *)buffer, MAX_BUFFER_SIZE, MSG_WAITALL, (struct sockaddr *)&client_addr, &addrlen);  
        buffer[n] = '\0';  
        std::cout << "Received message from client " << inet_ntoa(client_addr.sin_addr) << ": " << buffer << std::endl;  
    }  
      
    close(sockfd);  
    return 0;  
}

UDP客户端：

#include <iostream>  
#include <cstring>  
#include <cstdlib>  
#include <cstdio>  
#include <sys/socket.h>  
#include <arpa/inet.h>  
#include <unistd.h>  
  
#define MAX_BUFFER_SIZE 1024  
#define PORT 8888  
#define SERVER_IP "127.0.0.1"  
  
int main() {  
    int sockfd;  
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;  
    char buffer[MAX_BUFFER_SIZE];  
    int addrlen = sizeof(server_addr);  
      
    // 创建UDP套接字  
    if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) == -1) {  
        perror("socket");  
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);  
    }  
      
    // 初始化服务器地址信息  
    memset(&server_addr, 0, sizeof(server_addr));  
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;  
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);  
    if (inet_pton(AF_INET, SERVER_IP, &server_addr.sin_addr) == 0) {  
        perror("inet_pton");  
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);  
    }  
      
    std::cout << "Client is running on port " << PORT << std::endl;  
    std::cout << "Please input message to send to server: ";  
    std::cin.getline(buffer, MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);  
    sendto(sockfd, buffer, strlen(buffer), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));  
    std::cout << "Message sent to server: " << buffer << std::endl;  
    close(sockfd);