hibernate 判断对象是否transient,首先是判断version字段,然后再判断主键。 org.springframework.dao.InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException: org.hibernate.TransientObjectException: object references an unsaved transient instance - save the transient instance before flushing: org.bluelight.myecommerce.model.category.Goods.brand -> org.bluelight.myecommerce.model.category.Brand; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: org.hibernate.TransientObjectException: object references an unsaved transient instance - save the transient instance before flushing: org.bluelight.myecommerce.model.category.Goods.brand -> org.bluelight.myecommerce.model.category.Brand at org.springframework.orm.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryUtils.convertJpaAccessExceptionIfPossible(EntityManagerFactoryUtils.java:266) at org.springframework.orm.jpa.DefaultJpaDialect.translateExceptionIfPossible(DefaultJpaDialect.java:120) at org.springframework.dao.support.DataAccessUtils.translateIfNecessary(DataAccessUtils.java:212) at org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaAccessor.translateIfNecessary(JpaAccessor.java:152) at org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTemplate.execute(JpaTemplate.java:189) at org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTemplate.flush(JpaTemplate.java:293) at org.bluelight.myecommerce.dao.GenericDaoJpa.saveEntity(GenericDaoJpa.java:1067) at org.bluelight.myecommerce.dao.GenericDaoJpa.save(GenericDaoJpa.java:1021) at org.bluelight.myecommerce.dao.GenericDaoJpa.save(GenericDaoJpa.java:1) at org.bluelight.myecommerce.service.catelog.impl.GoodsServiceImpl.doCreateGoods(GoodsServiceImpl.java:59) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:310) at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:182) at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:149) at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:106) at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:171) at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:89) at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:171) at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:204) at $Proxy37.doCreateGoods(Unknown Source) at org.bluelight.myecommerce.service.TestGoodsService.testSave(TestGoodsService.java:71) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at org.junit.internal.runners.TestMethod.invoke(TestMethod.java:59) at org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie.runTestMethod(MethodRoadie.java:98) at org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie$2.run(MethodRoadie.java:79) at org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie.runBeforesThenTestThenAfters(MethodRoadie.java:87) at org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie.runTest(MethodRoadie.java:77) at org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie.run(MethodRoadie.java:42) at org.junit.internal.runners.JUnit4ClassRunner.invokeTestMethod(JUnit4ClassRunner.java:88) at org.junit.internal.runners.JUnit4ClassRunner.runMethods(JUnit4ClassRunner.java:51) at org.junit.internal.runners.JUnit4ClassRunner$1.run(JUnit4ClassRunner.java:44) at org.junit.internal.runners.ClassRoadie.runUnprotected(ClassRoadie.java:27) at org.junit.internal.runners.ClassRoadie.runProtected(ClassRoadie.java:37) at org.junit.internal.runners.JUnit4ClassRunner.run(JUnit4ClassRunner.java:42) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:46) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197) Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: org.hibernate.TransientObjectException: object references an unsaved transient instance - save the transient instance before flushing: org.bluelight.myecommerce.model.category.Goods.brand -> org.bluelight.myecommerce.model.category.Brand at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.throwPersistenceException(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:611) at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.flush(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:307) at org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTemplate$8.doInJpa(JpaTemplate.java:295) at org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTemplate.execute(JpaTemplate.java:184) ... 41 more Caused by: org.hibernate.TransientObjectException: object references an unsaved transient instance - save the transient instance before flushing: org.bluelight.myecommerce.model.category.Goods.brand -> org.bluelight.myecommerce.model.category.Brand at org.hibernate.engine.CascadingAction$9.noCascade(CascadingAction.java:376) at org.hibernate.engine.Cascade.cascade(Cascade.java:162) at org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractFlushingEventListener.cascadeOnFlush(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:154) at org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractFlushingEventListener.prepareEntityFlushes(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:145) at org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractFlushingEventListener.flushEverythingToExecutions(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:88) at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultFlushEventListener.onFlush(DefaultFlushEventListener.java:49) at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.flush(SessionImpl.java:1027) at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.flush(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:304) ... 43 more