hibernate表之间继承之 一张表

1.建立基类 Person

package com.dada.hibernate;

import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorColumn;
import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorType;
import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorValue;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.InheritanceType;

/*这种配置的意思就是只建立一张
所有其他的类如果继承了它，并且有了自己的属性的话，
那么其他的每一个属性都会作为单独的一列加入到这张表中
优点就在于只要生成一张表
缺点就在于一条记录中好多列都是空的*/
@Entity
@Inheritance(strategy=InheritanceType.SINGLE_TABLE)
//指定建立一张表
@DiscriminatorColumn(name="discriminator",discriminatorType=DiscriminatorType.STRING)
//指定的是不同实体之间区别字段的名称是 "discriminator"
@DiscriminatorValue("person")
//指明当前的实体所使用的区别于其他实体的字段值
public class Person {
	private int id;
	private String name;
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
}

2.建立第一个继承类Student

package com.dada.hibernate;

import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorValue;
import javax.persistence.Entity;

@Entity
@DiscriminatorValue("student")
public class Student extends Person {
	private int score;

	public int getScore() {
		return score;
	}

	public void setScore(int score) {
		this.score = score;
	}
	
}

3.建立第二个继承类Teacher

package com.dada.hibernate;

import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorValue;
import javax.persistence.Entity;

@Entity
@DiscriminatorValue("teacher")
public class Teacher extends Person {
	private String title;

	public String getTitle() {
		return title;
	}

	public void setTitle(String title) {
		this.title = title;
	}
	
}

4.建立测试类Itest

package com.dada.hibernate;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration;
import org.junit.AfterClass;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;

public class Itest {
	private static SessionFactory sf;
	
	@BeforeClass
	public static void beforeClass() {
		//new SchemaExport(new AnnotationConfiguration().configure()).create(true, true);
		sf = new AnnotationConfiguration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
	}
	
	@AfterClass
	public static void afterClass() {
		sf.close();
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testSave() {
		Student s = new Student();
		s.setName("s1");
		s.setScore(1);
		Teacher t = new Teacher();
		t.setTitle("chinese");
		t.setName("ztd");
		
		Session ss = sf.getCurrentSession();
		ss.beginTransaction();
		ss.save(s);
		ss.save(t);
		ss.getTransaction().commit();
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testSavePerson() {
		
		Person p = new Person();
		p.setName("person");
		
		Session ss = sf.getCurrentSession();
		ss.beginTransaction();
		ss.save(p);
		ss.getTransaction().commit();
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testLoad() {
		Session session = sf.getCurrentSession();
		session.beginTransaction();
		Student s = (Student) session.load(Student.class,1);
		System.out.println("分数："+s.getScore());
		Teacher t = (Teacher) session.load(Teacher.class, 2);
		System.out.println("头衔："+t.getTitle());
		Person p = (Person) session.load(Person.class, 3);
		System.out.println("姓名："+p.getName());
		Person p1 = (Person) session.load(Person.class, 1);
		System.out.println("姓名："+p1.getName());
		Person p2 = (Person) session.load(Person.class,2);
		System.out.println("姓名："+p2.getName());
		session.getTransaction().commit();
	}

}

5.运行后的结果：

 

6.如果把上面的Person类改成如下：

package com.dada.hibernate;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.InheritanceType;
import javax.persistence.TableGenerator;

@Entity
@Inheritance(strategy=InheritanceType.SINGLE_TABLE)
//使用一张表
@TableGenerator(
		name="t_gen",
		table="t_gen_table",
		pkColumnName="t_pk",
		valueColumnName = "t_value",
		pkColumnValue="person_pk",
		initialValue = 1,
		allocationSize=1
)
public class Person {
	private int id;
	private String name;
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(generator="t_gen",strategy=GenerationType.TABLE)
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
}

Student修改为：

package com.dada.hibernate;

import javax.persistence.Entity;

@Entity
public class Student extends Person {
	private int score;

	public int getScore() {
		return score;
	}

	public void setScore(int score) {
		this.score = score;
	}
}

Teacher修改为：

package com.dada.hibernate;

import javax.persistence.Entity;

@Entity
public class Teacher extends Person {
	private String title;

	public String getTitle() {
		return title;
	}

	public void setTitle(String title) {
		this.title = title;
	}
	
}

测试类不变，这样运行测试类之后数据库中会生成两张表，一张person用来存放数据的，跟之前的区别在于它多了一个DTYPE字段

另一张用来存放主键：

7.如果把Person类修改如下：每个类生成一张表

package com.dada.hibernate;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.InheritanceType;
import javax.persistence.TableGenerator;

@Entity
@Inheritance(strategy=InheritanceType.TABLE_PER_CLASS)
@TableGenerator(
		name="t_gen",
		table="t_gen_table",
		pkColumnName="t_pk",
		valueColumnName = "t_value",
		pkColumnValue="person_pk",
		initialValue = 1,
		allocationSize=1
)
public class Person {
	private int id;
	private String name;
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(generator="t_gen",strategy=GenerationType.TABLE)
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
}

 

那么在数据库中就会生成4张表：

第一张person

第二张student

第三张teacher

而且在person中有的列在student和teacher表中都有，而且还会包含它们自己独有的列。

它们公用的就是生成主键的表：t_gen_table

8.如果把Person修改如下：

package com.dada.hibernate;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
import javax.persistence.InheritanceType;

@Entity
@Inheritance(strategy=InheritanceType.JOINED)
public class Person {
	private int id;
	private String name;
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
}

 

那么在数据库中就会生成3张表：

第一张person

第二张student

第三张teacher

其中person表存放了Person类里面所有的属性，而student，teacher则存放它们对应类所独有的属性，它们之间是一外键的形式关联起来的，person表存放id,name属性，而student或者teacher存放score和title属性，只需要通过一个id来关联起来。