第八周作业2(LeetCode6)

1. 题目描述

The string “PAYPALISHIRING” is written in a zigzag pattern on a given number of rows like this: (you may want to display this pattern in a fixed font for better legibility)

P A H N
A P L S I I G
Y I R
And then read line by line: “PAHNAPLSIIGYIR”
Write the code that will take a string and make this conversion given a number of rows:

string convert(string text, int nRows);
convert(“PAYPALISHIRING”, 3) should return “PAHNAPLSIIGYIR”.

2. 解决思路

这道题的关键是推算“之“字形的空格打印公式，具体代码如下。

3. 完整代码

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;


void printZigzag(const string &s, int nRows)
{
    if (s.empty() || nRows < 1)
        return;
    if (nRows == 1)
    {
        cout << s << endl;
        return;
    }
    int zigSpan = nRows * 2 - 2;
    int zig = nRows - 2;
    for (int i = 0; i < nRows; i++)
    {
        for (int j = i; j < s.length(); j+=zigSpan)
        {
            cout << s[j];
            //注意：推导出zigSpan+j-2i的数学公式一点都不能错
            if (i != 0 && i != nRows - 1 && zigSpan+j-2*i<s.length())
            {
                for (int r1 = 0; r1 < zig - i; r1++)
                {
                    cout << " ";
                }
                cout << s[zigSpan + j - 2 * i];
                for (int r2 = 0; r2 < i-1; r2++)
                {
                    cout << " ";
                }
            }
            else
            {
                for (int r = 0; r < zig; r++)
                {
                    cout << " ";
                }
            }
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
}

int main()
{
    string str1;
    printf("请输入任意字符串：\n");
    cin >> str1;
    int nRows;
    printf("请输入列数：\n");
    cin >> nRows;
    printZigzag(str1, nRows);
    system("pause");
    return 0;

}