Java程序设计:五子棋(一)——编写界面

1.界面的预处理与刷新

我们要绘制五子棋棋盘,首先必须明确一点:不管我们在棋盘上怎么操作,棋盘的网格线是不可能改变的。无论是下棋,悔棋,网格线都会在那。故而我们应该知道,要想网格线始终存在,我们需要在后台存在一个绘制代码,一直不断的画这些网格线,同样在这一个代码区将来我们下了棋子之后也要不断的在下棋的位置画上棋子。

那么这样的代码区在哪呢?我们知道我们绘制界面的大框架是JFrame,其他的组件不断的往JFrame里加,我们查看调用可以发现,这些组件包括JFrame都继承于同一个类Component,而在这个类中正好就有我们所要找的代码区,也就是函数paint(Graphics g)与repaint()。

paint()是提供给用户编程的,往往声明在接口之中,然后用户实现该接口,以拥有重绘的功能。若要定制某个图形组件的界面,可以重写paint()方法,记得一般习惯这样改写:

void paint(Graphics g){ 

super.paint(g); 

// your code

}

而repaint是刷新,里面不光有调用paint()函数刷新背景,也会刷新该组件上的所有组件。当对于界面或组件执行了某类操作,改变了界面上的图象时,jvm收到界面被调整的信息,此时会调用visible是ture的图形组

简单 五子棋的客户端部分程序 //chessClient.java:客户端主程序。 //userPad.java:客户端的界面。 //chessPad.java:棋盘的绘制。 //chessServer.java:服务器端。 //可同时容纳50个人同时在线下棋,聊天。 import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import java.io.*; import java.net.*; import java.util.*; class clientThread extends Thread{ chessClient chessclient; clientThread(chessClient chessclient){ this.chessclient=chessclient; } public void acceptMessage(String recMessage){ if(recMessage.startsWith("/userlist ")){ StringTokenizer userToken=new StringTokenizer(recMessage," "); int userNumber=0; chessclient.userpad.userList.removeAll(); chessclient.inputpad.userChoice.removeAll(); chessclient.inputpad.userChoice.addItem("所有人"); while(userToken.hasMoreTokens()){ String user=(String)userToken.nextToken(" "); if(userNumber>0 && !user.startsWith("[inchess]")){ chessclient.userpad.userList.add(user); chessclient.inputpad.userChoice.addItem(user); } userNumber++; } chessclient.inputpad.userChoice.select("所有人"); } else if(recMessage.startsWith("/yourname ")){ chessclient.chessClientName=recMessage.substring(10); chessclient.setTitle("Java五子棋客户端 "+"用户名:"+chessclient.chessClientName); } else if(recMessage.equals("/reject")){ try{ chessclient.chesspad.statusText.setText("不能加入游戏"); chessclient.controlpad.cancelGameButton.setEnabled(false); chessclient.controlpad.joinGameButton.setEnabled(true); chessclient.controlpad.creatGameButton.setEnabled(true); } catch(Exception ef){ chessclient.chatpad.chatLineArea.setText("chessclient.chesspad.chessSocket.close无法关闭"); } chessclient.controlpad.joinGameButton.setEnabled(true); } else if(recMessage.startsWith("/peer ")){ chessclient.chesspad.chessPeerName=recMessage.substring(6); if(chessclient.isServer){ chessclient.chesspad.chessColor=1; chessclient.chesspad.isMouseEnabled=true; chessclient.chesspad.statusText.setText("请黑棋下子"); } else if(chessclient.isClient){ chessclient.chesspad.chessColor=-1; chessclient.chesspad.statusText.setText("已加入游戏,等待对方下子..."); } } else if(recMessage.equals("/youwin")){ chessclient.isOnChess=false; chessclient.chesspad.chessVictory(chessclient.chesspad.chessColor); chessclient.chesspad.statusText.setText("对方退出,请点放弃游戏退出连接"); chessclient.chesspad.isMouseEnabled=false; } else if(recMessage.equals("/OK")){ chessclient.chesspad.statusText.setText("创建游戏成功,等待别人加入..."); } else if(recMessage.equals("/error")){ chessclient.chatpad.chatLineArea.append("传输错误:请退出程序,重新加入 \n"); } else{ chessclient.chatpad.chatLineArea.append(recMessage+"\n"); chessclient.chatpad.chatLineArea.setCaretPosition( chessclient.chatpad.chatLineArea.getText().length()); } } public void run(){ String message=""; try{ while(true){ message=chessclient.in.readUTF(); acceptMessage(message); } } catch(IOException es){ } } } public class chessClient extends Frame implements ActionListener,KeyListener{ userPad userpad=new userPad(); chatPad chatpad=new chatPad(); controlPad controlpad=new controlPad(); chessPad chesspad=new chessPad(); inputPad inputpad=new inputPad(); Socket chatSocket; DataInputStream in; DataOutputStream out; String chessClientName=null; String host=null; int port=4331; boolean isOnChat=false; //在聊天? boolean isOnChess=false; //在下棋? boolean isGameConnected=false; //下棋的客户端连接? boolean isServer=false; //如果是下棋的主机 boolean isClient=false; //如果是下棋的客户端 Panel southPanel=new Panel(); Panel northPanel=new Panel(); Panel centerPanel=new Panel(); Panel westPanel=new Panel(); Panel eastPanel=new Panel(); chessClient( ){ super("Java五子棋客户端"); setLayout(new BorderLayout()); host=controlpad.inputIP.getText(); westPanel.setLayout(new BorderLayout()); westPanel.add(userpad,BorderLayout.NORTH); westPanel.add(chatpad,BorderLayout.CENTER); westPanel.setBackground(Color.pink); inputpad.inputwords.addKeyListener(this); chesspad.host=controlpad.inputIP.getText(); centerPanel.add(chesspad,BorderLayout.CENTER); centerPanel.add(inputpad,BorderLayout.SOUTH); centerPanel.setBackground(Color.pink); controlpad.connectButton.addActionListener(this); controlpad.creatGameButton.addActionListener(this); controlpad.joinGameButton.addActionListener(this); controlpad.cancelGameButton.addActionListener(this); controlpad.exitGameButton.addActionListener(this); controlpad.creatGameButton.setEnabled(false); controlpad.joinGameButton.setEnabled(false); controlpad.cancelGameButton.setEnabled(false); southPanel.add(controlpad,BorderLayout.CENTER); southPanel.setBackground(Color.pink); addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter(){ public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e){ if(isOnChat){ try{ chatSocket.close(); }catch(Exception ed){ } } if(isOnChess || isGameConnected){ try{ chesspad.chessSocket.close(); }catch(Exception ee){ } } System.exit(0); } public void windowActivated(WindowEvent ea){ } }); add(westPanel,BorderLayout.WEST); add(centerPanel,BorderLayout.CENTER); add(southPanel,BorderLayout.SOUTH); pack(); setSize(670,548); setVisible(true); setResizable(false); validate(); } public boolean connectServer(String serverIP,int serverPort) throws Exception{ try{ chatSocket=new Socket(serverIP,serverPort); in=new DataInputStream(chatSocket.getInputStream()); out=new DataOutputStream(chatSocket.getOutputStream()); clientThread clientthread=new clientThread(this); clientthread.start(); isOnChat=true; return true; } catch(IOException ex){ chatpad.chatLineArea.setText("chessClient:connectServer:无法连接,建议重新启动程序 \n"); } return false; } public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){ if(e.getSource()==controlpad.connectButton){ host=chesspad.host=controlpad.inputIP.getText(); try{ if(connectServer(host,port)){ chatpad.chatLineArea.setText(""); controlpad.connectButton.setEnabled(false); controlpad.creatGameButton.setEnabled(true); controlpad.joinGameButton.setEnabled(true); chesspad.statusText.setText("连接成功,请创建游戏或加入游戏"); } } catch(Exception ei){ chatpad.chatLineArea.setText("controlpad.connectButton:无法连接,建议重新启动程序 \n"); } } if(e.getSource()==controlpad.exitGameButton){ if(isOnChat){ try{ chatSocket.close(); } catch(Exception ed){ } } if(isOnChess || isGameConnected){ try{ chesspad.chessSocket.close(); } catch(Exception ee){ } } System.exit(0); } if(e.getSource()==controlpad.joinGameButton){ String selectedUser=userpad.userList.getSelectedItem(); if(selectedUser==null || selectedUser.startsWith("[inchess]") || selectedUser.equals(chessClientName)){ chesspad.statusText.setText("必须先选定一个有效用户"); } else{ try{ if(!isGameConnected){ if(chesspad.connectServer(chesspad.host,chesspad.port)){ isGameConnected=true; isOnChess=true; isClient=true; controlpad.creatGameButton.setEnabled(false); controlpad.joinGameButton.setEnabled(false); controlpad.cancelGameButton.setEnabled(true); chesspad.chessthread.sendMessage("/joingame "+userpad.userList.getSelectedItem()+" "+chessClientName); } }else{ isOnChess=true; isClient=true; controlpad.creatGameButton.setEnabled(false); controlpad.joinGameButton.setEnabled(false); controlpad.cancelGameButton.setEnabled(true); chesspad.chessthread.sendMessage("/joingame "+userpad.userList.getSelectedItem()+" "+chessClientName); } } catch(Exception ee){ isGameConnected=false; isOnChess=false; isClient=false; controlpad.creatGameButton.setEnabled(true); controlpad.joinGameButton.setEnabled(true); controlpad.cancelGameButton.setEnabled(false); chatpad.chatLineArea.setText("chesspad.connectServer无法连接 \n"+ee); } } } if(e.getSource()==controlpad.creatGameButton){ try{ if(!isGameConnected){ if(chesspad.connectServer(chesspad.host,chesspad.port)){ isGameConnected=true; isOnChess=true; isServer=true; controlpad.creatGameButton.setEnabled(false); controlpad.joinGameButton.setEnabled(false); controlpad.cancelGameButton.setEnabled(true); chesspad.chessthread.sendMessage("/creatgame "+"[inchess]"+chessClientName); } }else{ isOnChess=true; isServer=true; controlpad.creatGameButton.setEnabled(false); controlpad.joinGameButton.setEnabled(false); controlpad.cancelGameButton.setEnabled(true); chesspad.chessthread.sendMessage("/creatgame "+"[inchess]"+chessClientName); } } catch(Exception ec){ isGameConnected=false; isOnChess=false; isServer=false; controlpad.creatGameButton.setEnabled(true); controlpad.joinGameButton.setEnabled(true); controlpad.cancelGameButton.setEnabled(false); ec.printStackTrace(); chatpad.chatLineArea.setText("chesspad.connectServer无法连接 \n"+ec); } } if(e.getSource()==controlpad.cancelGameButton){ if(isOnChess){ chesspad.chessthread.sendMessage("/giveup "+chessClientName); chesspad.chessVictory(-1*chesspad.chessColor); controlpad.creatGameButton.setEnabled(true); controlpad.joinGameButton.setEnabled(true); controlpad.cancelGameButton.setEnabled(false); chesspad.statusText.setText("请建立游戏或者加入游戏"); } if(!isOnChess){ controlpad.creatGameButton.setEnabled(true); controlpad.joinGameButton.setEnabled(true); controlpad.cancelGameButton.setEnabled(false); chesspad.statusText.setText("请建立游戏或者加入游戏"); } isClient=isServer=false; } } public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e){ TextField inputwords=(TextField)e.getSource(); if(e.getKeyCode()==KeyEvent.VK_ENTER){ if(inputpad.userChoice.getSelectedItem().equals("所有人")){ try{ out.writeUTF(inputwords.getText()); inputwords.setText(""); } catch(Exception ea){ chatpad.chatLineArea.setText("chessClient:KeyPressed无法连接,建议重新连接 \n"); userpad.userList.removeAll(); inputpad.userChoice.removeAll(); inputwords.setText(""); controlpad.connectButton.setEnabled(true); } } else{ try{ out.writeUTF("/"+inputpad.userChoice.getSelectedItem()+" "+inputwords.getText()); inputwords.setText(""); } catch(Exception ea){ chatpad.chatLineArea.setText("chessClient:KeyPressed无法连接,建议重新连接 \n"); userpad.userList.removeAll(); inputpad.userChoice.removeAll(); inputwords.setText(""); controlpad.connectButton.setEnabled(true); } } } } public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e){} public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e){} public static void main(String args[]){ chessClient chessClient=new chessClient(); } }
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