centos7 安装python3

1. root用户安装编译工具

yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"
yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel
yum install -y libffi-devel zlib1g-dev
yum install zlib* -y

2. 下载并解压python

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.8/Python-3.7.8.tgz
tar xvf Python-3.7.8.tgz 

3. 编译

mkdir /usr/local/python3 
cd Python-3.7.8
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3  --with-ssl  --enable-optimizations
make && make install -j 8

低版本gcc（小于8.1）加 --enable-optimizations会报错。
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/41405728/what-does-enable-optimizations-do-while-compiling-python
4. 软链接

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /bin/pip3

5. 修改源

cd ~
mkdir .pip
cd .pip
vim pip.conf

#进入后添加以下内容,保存退出.
[global]
index-url = https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple

查看

pip3 config list

6. 安装pipenv虚拟环境

pip install virtualenv
virtualenv -p /bin/python3 django_env  # 创建
source django_env/bin/activate   # 激活