字节跳动大数据面试SQL-共同使用ip用户检测问题

本文首发在数据仓库技术，网站种整理了几十篇各大公司大数据开发岗位、数据仓库、数据分析相关岗位实际面试SQL题目，并给出了对应的参考答案。 字节跳动大数据面试SQL-共同使用ip用户检测问题.

一、题目

现有用户登录日志表，记录了每个用户登录的IP地址，请查询共同使用过3个及以上IP的用户对；

+----------+-----------------+----------------------+
| user_id  |       ip        |      time_stamp      |
+----------+-----------------+----------------------+
| 2        | 223.104.41.101  | 2023-08-24 07:00:00  |
| 4        | 223.104.41.122  | 2023-08-24 10:00:00  |
| 5        | 223.104.41.126  | 2023-08-24 11:00:00  |
| 4        | 223.104.41.126  | 2023-08-24 13:00:00  |
| 1        | 223.104.41.101  | 2023-08-24 16:00:00  |
| 3        | 223.104.41.101  | 2023-08-24 16:02:00  |
| 2        | 223.104.41.104  | 2023-08-24 16:30:00  |
| 1        | 223.104.41.121  | 2023-08-24 17:00:00  |
| 2        | 223.104.41.122  | 2023-08-24 17:05:00  |
| 3        | 223.104.41.103  | 2023-08-24 18:11:00  |
| 2        | 223.104.41.103  | 2023-08-24 19:00:00  |
| 1        | 223.104.41.104  | 2023-08-24 19:00:00  |
| 3        | 223.104.41.122  | 2023-08-24 19:07:00  |
| 1        | 223.104.41.122  | 2023-08-24 21:00:00  |
+----------+-----------------+----------------------+

二、分析

1. 题目给出的数据是登录记录，需要使用IP进行关联，找到使用相同IP的记录；
2. 因为要使用ip进行关联，首先保证每个用户同一个IP只有一条记录，否则关联会导致结果数据重复；
3. 自关联，会导致使用相同IP的用户，出现1-2,2-1两条记录、1-1,2-2自己的记录，这些记录需要去重和剔除；
4. 计算共同使用过的IP数量，得出结果；

维度	评分
题目难度	⭐️⭐️⭐️
题目清晰度	⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️
业务常见度	⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️

三、SQL

1.将所有用户登录记录按照用户ID和登录IP去重

执行SQL

select user_id,
       ip
from t_login_log
group by user_id, ip

查询结果

+----------+-----------------+
| user_id  |       ip        |
+----------+-----------------+
| 1        | 223.104.41.101  |
| 1        | 223.104.41.104  |
| 1        | 223.104.41.121  |
| 1        | 223.104.41.122  |
| 2        | 223.104.41.101  |
| 2        | 223.104.41.103  |
| 2        | 223.104.41.104  |
| 2        | 223.104.41.122  |
| 3        | 223.104.41.101  |
| 3        | 223.104.41.103  |
| 3        | 223.104.41.122  |
| 4        | 223.104.41.122  |
| 4        | 223.104.41.126  |
| 5        | 223.104.41.126  |
+----------+-----------------+

2.通过IP地址进行自关联，去重，剔除相同用户。

执行SQL

with tmp as
         (select user_id,
                 ip
          from t_login_log
          group by user_id, ip)
select t1.user_id,
       t2.user_id,
       t1.ip
from tmp as t1
         join
     tmp as t2
     on t1.ip = t2.ip
where t1.user_id < t2.user_id

查询结果

+-------------+-------------+-----------------+
| t1.user_id  | t2.user_id  |      t1.ip      |
+-------------+-------------+-----------------+
| 1           | 2           | 223.104.41.101  |
| 1           | 3           | 223.104.41.101  |
| 2           | 3           | 223.104.41.101  |
| 2           | 3           | 223.104.41.103  |
| 1           | 2           | 223.104.41.104  |
| 1           | 2           | 223.104.41.122  |
| 1           | 3           | 223.104.41.122  |
| 1           | 4           | 223.104.41.122  |
| 2           | 3           | 223.104.41.122  |
| 2           | 4           | 223.104.41.122  |
| 3           | 4           | 223.104.41.122  |
| 4           | 5           | 223.104.41.126  |
+-------------+-------------+-----------------+

3.根据用户组计算使用共同IP的个数

执行SQL

with tmp as
         (select user_id,
                 ip
          from t_login_log
          group by user_id, ip)
select t1.user_id,
       t2.user_id,
       count(t1.ip)
from tmp as t1
         join
     tmp as t2
     on t1.ip = t2.ip
where t1.user_id < t2.user_id
group by t1.user_id,
         t2.user_id

查询结果

+-------------+-------------+------+
| t1.user_id  | t2.user_id  | _c2  |
+-------------+-------------+------+
| 1           | 2           | 3    |
| 1           | 3           | 2    |
| 1           | 4           | 1    |
| 2           | 3           | 3    |
| 2           | 4           | 1    |
| 3           | 4           | 1    |
| 4           | 5           | 1    |
+-------------+-------------+------+

4.查询共同使用过3个以上IP的用户对

执行SQL

with tmp as
         (select user_id,
                 ip
          from t_login_log
          group by user_id, ip)
select t1.user_id,
       t2.user_id
from tmp as t1
         join
     tmp as t2
     on t1.ip = t2.ip
where t1.user_id < t2.user_id
group by t1.user_id,
         t2.user_id
having count(t1.ip) >= 3

查询结果

+-------------+-------------+
| t1.user_id  | t2.user_id  |
+-------------+-------------+
| 1           | 2           |
| 2           | 3           |
+-------------+-------------+

四、建表语句和数据插入

--建表语句
CREATE TABLE t_login_log (
user_id bigint COMMENT '用户ID',
ip string COMMENT '用户登录ip地址',
time_stamp string COMMENT '登录时间'
) COMMENT '用户登录记录表'
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\t' 
;
-- 插入数据
insert into t_login_log(user_id,ip,time_stamp)
values
(1,'223.104.41.101','2023-08-24 16:00:00'),
(1,'223.104.41.121','2023-08-24 17:00:00'),
(1,'223.104.41.104','2023-08-24 19:00:00'),
(1,'223.104.41.122','2023-08-24 21:00:00'),
(1,'223.104.41.122','2023-08-24 22:00:00'),
(2,'223.104.41.101','2023-08-24 07:00:00'),
(2,'223.104.41.103','2023-08-24 19:00:00'),
(2,'223.104.41.104','2023-08-24 16:30:00'),
(2,'223.104.41.122','2023-08-24 17:05:00'),
(3,'223.104.41.103','2023-08-24 18:11:00'),
(3,'223.104.41.122','2023-08-24 19:07:00'),
(3,'223.104.41.101','2023-08-24 16:02:00'),
(4,'223.104.41.126','2023-08-24 13:00:00'),
(5,'223.104.41.126','2023-08-24 11:00:00'),
(4,'223.104.41.122','2023-08-24 10:00:00');