Mac安装homebrew

MacOS安装homebrew

1. homebrew是什么？

homebrew是MacOS下的一套包管理软件 ，可安装、卸载、更新软件包。类似ubuntu下的apt-get。

[homebrew官网]：https://brew.sh/index_zh-cn.html

2. 安装brew

终端下运行：(打开官网首页有下面的这个安装链接)

/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"

3. 缷载brew

cd `brew --prefix`
rm -rf Cellar
brew prune
rm `git ls-files`
rm -r Library/Homebrew Library/Aliases Library/Formula Library/Contributions
rm -rf .git
rm -rf ~/Library/Caches/Homebrew

4. 更新brew

brew update

5. 使用

• 安装包：

  brew install <packageName>

• 缷载包：

  brew uninstall <packageName>

• 升级包：

  brew upgrade <packageName>

• 查询可用包：

  brew search <packageName>

• 查看已安装包：

  brew list

• 查看包信息：

  brew info <packageName>

• 查看brew版本：

  brew --version

• brew帮助信息：

  brew -help

6. 添加多仓库

homebrew默认安装后，可以添加多仓库。

$ brew tap
Updating Homebrew...
caskroom/cask
homebrew/core
phinze/cask

brew tap 命令可以看到目前已添加的仓库；

默认情况下brew tap假设这些仓库来自来github,但并不限于他。

如果使用brew install 找不到想要的包，可以在github网站搜索homebrew-包名，仓库名的前缀必须是homebrew-,如果搜索到了，可以使用brew tap 包名 来添加仓库。

这样就可以添加这个apache仓库：

$ brew tap homebrew/apache
Updating Homebrew...
==> Tapping homebrew/apache
Cloning into '/usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-apache'...
remote: Counting objects: 16, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (16/16), done.
remote: Total 16 (delta 7), reused 3 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
Unpacking objects: 100% (16/16), done.
Tapped 12 formulae (52 files, 85.7KB)

7. 其它

• 安装brew前最好先安装苹果的xcode。

• 一般命令需要更改/usr/local,没有权限执行，例如：

  $ brew update
  Error: The /usr/local directory is not writable.
  Even if this directory was writable when you installed Homebrew, other
  software may change permissions on this directory. Some versions of the
  "InstantOn" component of Airfoil or running Cocktail cleanup/optimizations
  are known to do this.
  
  You should probably change the ownership and permissions of /usr/local
  back to your user account.
  sudo chown -R $(whoami):admin /usr/local
  

  按提示先输入：

  sudo chown -R $(whoami):admin /usr/local

• 推荐一个homebrew的图形管理工具：Cakebrew