用python实现图片验证码

需要安装模块pillow

#安装pillow模块
pip3 install pillow
import random
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont

随机生成验证码

def generate_code(length):
    # 随机选择字符
    characters = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
    # 生成指定长度的验证码
    code = ''.join(random.choice(characters) for i in range(length))
    return code

生成验证码图片

def generate_image(code, width, height, font_size):
    # 创建一个新的图片对象
    img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(width, height), color=(255, 255, 255))
    # 创建一个画笔对象
    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
    # 设置字体
    font = ImageFont.truetype('arial.ttf', font_size)
    # 获取字符的宽度和高度
    # text_width, text_height = draw.textsize(code, font)
    # 获取字符的宽度和高度
    bbox = draw.textbbox((0, 0, width, height), code, font=font)
    text_width = bbox[2] - bbox[0]
    text_height = bbox[3] - bbox[1]

    # 将字符绘制在图片中央
    x = (width - text_width) // 2
    y = (height - text_height) // 2
    draw.text((x, y), code, font=font, fill=(0, 0, 0))
    # 添加干扰线
    for i in range(5):
        x1 = random.randint(0, width)
        y1 = random.randint(0, height)
        x2 = random.randint(0, width)
        y2 = random.randint(0, height)
        draw.line((x1, y1, x2, y2), fill=(0, 0, 0), width=2)
    # 添加干扰点
    for i in range(50):
        x = random.randint(0, width)
        y = random.randint(0, height)
        draw.point((x, y), fill=(0, 0, 0))
    # 返回验证码图片对象
    return img

保存验证码图片

def save_image(img, path):
    img.save(path)

测试

if __name__ == '__main__':
    code = generate_code(4)
    img = generate_image(code, 150, 50, 30)
    save_image(img, 'captcha.png')
    img.show()