kaptcha（图形验证码）使用

kaptcha使用

思路

1. 创建bean 并注册（springboot有两种注册，xml 和java）
2. Controller 中注入bean
3. 添加请求方法 调用bean 返回图片
4. 前段显示
5. 提交请求

流程

1.kaptcha 的maven依赖

<!-- 验证码 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.github.penggle</groupId>
        <artifactId>kaptcha</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.2</version>
    </dependency>

2.配置

1.java

@Component  
public class KaptchaConfig {  
    @Bean  
    public DefaultKaptcha getDefaultKaptcha(){  
        com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha defaultKaptcha = new 		com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha();  
        Properties properties = new Properties();  
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border", "yes");  
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border.color", "105,179,90");  
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.font.color", "blue");  
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.image.width", "110");  
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.image.height", "40");  
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.font.size", "30");  
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.session.key", "code");  
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.length", "4");  
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.font.names", "宋体,楷体,微软雅黑");  
        Config config = new Config(properties);  
        defaultKaptcha.setConfig(config);  
        return defaultKaptcha;  
    }  
}

2.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:gfe="http://www.springframework.org/schema/gemfire"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/gemfire http://www.springframework.org/schema/gemfire/spring-gemfire.xsd"
    default-lazy-init="true">

    <bean id="captchaProducer" class="com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha">
        <property name="config">
            <bean class="com.google.code.kaptcha.util.Config">
                <constructor-arg>
                    <props>
                        <prop key="kaptcha.border">yes</prop>
                        <prop key="kaptcha.border.color">105,179,90</prop>
                        <prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.font.color">blue</prop>
                        <prop key="kaptcha.image.width">150</prop>
                        <prop key="kaptcha.image.height">50</prop>
                        <prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.font.size">40</prop>
                        <prop key="kaptcha.session.key">code</prop>
                        <prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.char.length">4</prop>
                        <prop key="kaptcha.textproducer.font.names">宋体,楷体,微软雅黑</prop>
                    </props>
                </constructor-arg>
            </bean>
        </property>
    </bean>

</beans>

3.Controller

@Controller
public class LoginController {
    @Autowired
    private DefaultKaptcha captchaProducer;
    /**
     * 获取验证码 的 请求路径
     * @param httpServletRequest
     * @param httpServletResponse
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @RequestMapping("/defaultKaptcha")  
    public void defaultKaptcha(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest,HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws Exception{  
            byte[] captchaChallengeAsJpeg = null;    
             ByteArrayOutputStream jpegOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();    
             try {    
             //生产验证码字符串并保存到session中  或redis中
             String createText = captchaProducer.createText();  
             httpServletRequest.getSession().setAttribute("vrifyCode", createText);  
             //使用生产的验证码字符串返回一个BufferedImage对象并转为byte写入到byte数组中  
             BufferedImage challenge = captchaProducer.createImage(createText);  
             ImageIO.write(challenge, "jpg", jpegOutputStream);  
             } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {    
                 httpServletResponse.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_FOUND);    
                 return;    
             }   
            //定义response输出类型为image/jpeg类型，使用response输出流输出图片的byte数组  
             captchaChallengeAsJpeg = jpegOutputStream.toByteArray();    
             httpServletResponse.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-store");    
             httpServletResponse.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");    
             httpServletResponse.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);    
             httpServletResponse.setContentType("image/jpeg");    
             ServletOutputStream responseOutputStream =    
                     httpServletResponse.getOutputStream();    
             responseOutputStream.write(captchaChallengeAsJpeg);    
             responseOutputStream.flush();    
             responseOutputStream.close();    
    }  
    /**
     * 验证的方法
     * @param httpServletRequest
     * @param httpServletResponse
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/imgvrifyControllerDefaultKaptcha")
    public ModelAndView imgvrifyControllerDefaultKaptcha(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest,HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse){  
        ModelAndView andView = new ModelAndView();  
         String captchaId = (String) httpServletRequest.getSession().getAttribute("vrifyCode");    
         String parameter = httpServletRequest.getParameter("vrifyCode");  
         System.out.println("Session  vrifyCode "+captchaId+" form vrifyCode "+parameter);  

        if (!captchaId.equals(parameter)) {  
            andView.addObject("info", "错误的验证码");  
            andView.setViewName("index");  
        } else {  
            andView.addObject("info", "登录成功");  
            andView.setViewName("succeed"); 
        }  
        return andView;  
    }  
}

4.html文件

<form action="imgvrifyControllerDefaultKaptcha">  
    <input type="text" name="vrifyCode" />  <img alt="验证码" 
        onclick = "this.src='/defaultKaptcha?d='+new Date()*1" src="/defaultKaptcha" /> 
     <input type="submit" value="提交"></input>  
</form>

kaptcha参数设置如下所示：

• Constant 描述 默认值
• kaptcha.border 图片边框，合法值：yes , no yes
• kaptcha.border.color 边框颜色，合法值： r,g,b (and optional alpha) 或者 white,black,blue. black
• kaptcha.border.thickness 边框厚度，合法值：>0 1
• kaptcha.image.width 图片宽 200
• kaptcha.image.height 图片高 50
• kaptcha.producer.impl 图片实现类 com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha
• kaptcha.textproducer.impl 文本实现类 com.google.code.kaptcha.text.impl.DefaultTextCreator
• kaptcha.textproducer.char.string 文本集合，验证码值从此集合中获取 abcde2345678gfynmnpwx
• kaptcha.textproducer.char.length 验证码长度 5
• kaptcha.textproducer.font.names 字体 Arial, Courier
• kaptcha.textproducer.font.size 字体大小 40px.
• kaptcha.textproducer.font.color 字体颜色，合法值： r,g,b 或者 white,black,blue. black
• kaptcha.textproducer.char.space 文字间隔 2
• kaptcha.noise.impl 干扰实现类 com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultNoise
• kaptcha.noise.color 干扰颜色，合法值： r,g,b 或者 white,black,blue. black
• kaptcha.obscurificator.impl 图片样式： 水纹com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.WaterRipple 鱼眼com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.FishEyeGimpy 阴影com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.ShadowGimpy com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.WaterRipple
• kaptcha.background.impl 背景实现类 com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultBackground
• kaptcha.background.clear.from 背景颜色渐变，开始颜色 light grey
• kaptcha.background.clear.to 背景颜色渐变，结束颜色 white
• kaptcha.word.impl 文字渲染器 com.google.code.kaptcha.text.impl.DefaultWordRenderer
• kaptcha.session.key session key KAPTCHA_SESSION_KEY
• kaptcha.session.date session date KAPTCHA_SESSION_DATE