所谓点击事件的事件分发,其实就是对MotionEvent事件的分发过程,即当一个MotionEvent 产生了以后,系统需要把这个事件传递给一个具体的View,而这个传递过程就是事件分发。点击事件的分发过程由三个很重要的方法来共同完成:dispatchTouchEvent,onInterceptTouchEvent和onTouchEvent,
public boolean dispathcTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev)
用来进行事件的分发。如果事件能够传递给当前View,那么此方法一定会被调用,返回结果受当前View的onTouchEvent和下级View的dispathTouchEvent方法的影响,表示是否消耗当前事件。
public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent event)
在上述方法内部调用,用来判断是否拦截某个事件,如果当前View拦截了某个事件,那么在同一个事件序列当中,此方法不会被再次调用,返回结果表示是否拦截当前事件。
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event)
在dispatchTouchEvent方法中调用,用来处理点击事件,返回结果表示是否消耗当前事件,如果不消耗,则在同一个事件序列中,当前View无法再次接收到事件。
伪代码:
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event){
boolean consume=false;
if(onInterceptTouchEvent(event)){
consume=onTouchEvent(event);
}else{
consume=child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
}
return consume;
}
对于一个ViewGroup来说,点击事件产生后,首先传递给它,这里它的dispatchTouchEvent就会被调用,如果这个ViewGroup的onInterceptTouchEvent返回的是true,表示要拦截此事件,接着事件就交给了ViewGroup处理,然后调用onTouchEvent方法。如果onInterceptTouchEvent方法返回了false,说明当前不拦截此事件,将会调用子视图的dispatchTouchEvent,如此反复直到事件最终被处理。
视图的优先级
onTouch>onTouchEvent>onClickListener
点击事件的传递过程遵循如下顺序:Activity->Window->View
点击事件的分发过程(源码)
一个点击操作发生时,事件最先传递给当前Activity,由Activity的dispatchTouchEvent来进行事件派发,具体工作是由Activity内部的Window来完成,Window会将事件传递给decor view
源码:Activity#dispatchTouchEvent
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
if (ev.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
onUserInteraction();
}
if (getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)) {
return true;
}
return onTouchEvent(ev);
}
点击事件用MotionEvent来表示, 当一个点击操作发生时,事件最先传给前Activity,由Activity的 dispatchTouchEvent来进行派发,具体的工作是由Activity内部的Window来完成的,Window会将事件传递给decor view,decor view一般就是当前界面的底层容器。
首先事件开始交给Activity所附属的Window进行分发,如果返回true,事件的循环就结束了,如果返回false,就意味着没从处理,所有的View的onTouchEvent都返回false,那么Activity 的onTouchEvent()就会被调用。 (getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)是将事件派发给子类运行,如果都没有人处理这个事件,将交给Activity的onTouvhEvent(ev)来处理此事件。)
Window的superDispatchTouchEvent()是一个抽象方法,Window的实现类是PhoneWindow,调用PhoneWindow#superDispatchTouchEvent
//PhoneWindow#superDispatchTouchEvent
public boolean superDispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event){
return mDecor.superDispatchTouchEvent(event);
}
可以看出,PhoneWindow将事件直接传递给了DecorView 由于他继承自FrameLayout 而 FrameLayout继承 ViewGroup 所以他的事件分发由ViewGroup完成.
顶级View对点击事件的分发过程:
点击到达顶级View以后,会调用ViewGroup的DispatchTouchEvent方法,如果顶级的ViewGroup拦截此事件即onInterceptTouchEvent返回true,则由ViewGroup处理,这时候mOntouchListener被设置,则onTouch被调用,否则onTouchEvent会被调用,如果ViewGroup不拦截此事件,则事件传给他它所在的点击事件链上的子View 接下来传递过程和顶级View一致,直到完成整个事件的分发。
看下ViewGroup#DispatchTouchEvent()主要部分
// Check for interception.
final boolean intercepted;
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
|| mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
if (!disallowIntercept) {
intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed
} else {
intercepted = false;
}
} else {
// There are no touch targets and this action is not an initial down
// so this view group continues to intercept touches.
intercepted = true;
}
此部分检查当前时候拦截此事件,注意几点:
1:actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN || mFirstTouchTarget != null
这个条件为假时候 直接交给当前的ViewGroup处理此事件,必须两个条件都不满足,那么mFirstTouchTarget!=null是什么意思呢?当事件由ViewGroup的子元素成功处理时,mFirstTouchTarget会被赋值并且指向子元素,换句话说,当ViewGroup不拦截此事件交由子元素处理时,mFirstTouchTarget!=null就不成立了。反过来,一旦事件由当前ViewGroup拦截时,mFirstTouchTarget!=null就不成立了。那么当ACTION_MOVE和ACTION_DOWN到来时, if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN || mFirstTouchTarget != null) 为false 将导致ViewGroup的的onInterceptTouchEvent不会被调用,并且一序列中的其他事件都会默认交给它处理。
2:FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT标记位,这个标记位通过requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent方法来设置,一般用于子View中,FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT 一旦设置后,ViewGroup将无法拦截除了ACTION_DOWN以外的其他点击事件。
3 intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev); 如果onInterceptTouchEvent(ev)返回true那么 intercepted =true,
if (!canceled && !intercepted) {
// If the event is targeting accessiiblity focus we give it to the
// view that has accessibility focus and if it does not handle it
// we clear the flag and dispatch the event to all children as usual.
// We are looking up the accessibility focused host to avoid keeping
// state since these events are very rare.
View childWithAccessibilityFocus = ev.isTargetAccessibilityFocus()
? findChildWithAccessibilityFocus() : null;
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
|| (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN)
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex(); // always 0 for down
final int idBitsToAssign = split ? 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex)
: TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS;
// Clean up earlier touch targets for this pointer id in case they
// have become out of sync.
removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToAssign);
final int childrenCount = mChildrenCount;
if (newTouchTarget == null && childrenCount != 0) {
final float x = ev.getX(actionIndex);
final float y = ev.getY(actionIndex);
// Find a child that can receive the event.
// Scan children from front to back.
final ArrayList<View> preorderedList = buildTouchDispatchChildList();
final boolean customOrder = preorderedList == null
&& isChildrenDrawingOrderEnabled();
final View[] children = mChildren;
for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
final int childIndex = getAndVerifyPreorderedIndex(
childrenCount, i, customOrder);
final View child = getAndVerifyPreorderedView(
preorderedList, children, childIndex);
// If there is a view that has accessibility focus we want it
// to get the event first and if not handled we will perform a
// normal dispatch. We may do a double iteration but this is
// safer given the timeframe.
if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != null) {
if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != child) {
continue;
}
childWithAccessibilityFocus = null;
i = childrenCount - 1;
}
if (!canViewReceivePointerEvents(child)
|| !isTransformedTouchPointInView(x, y, child, null)) {
ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
continue;
}
newTouchTarget = getTouchTarget(child);
if (newTouchTarget != null) {
// Child is already receiving touch within its bounds.
// Give it the new pointer in addition to the ones it is handling.
newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
break;
}
resetCancelNextUpFlag(child);
if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)) {
// Child wants to receive touch within its bounds.
mLastTouchDownTime = ev.getDownTime();
if (preorderedList != null) {
// childIndex points into presorted list, find original index
for (int j = 0; j < childrenCount; j++) {
if (children[childIndex] == mChildren[j]) {
mLastTouchDownIndex = j;
break;
}
}
} else {
mLastTouchDownIndex = childIndex;
}
mLastTouchDownX = ev.getX();
mLastTouchDownY = ev.getY();
newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign);
alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = true;
break;
}
首先遍历ViewGroup的所有子元素,然后判断子元素是否接收到点击事件,然后调用dispatchTransformedTouchEvent方法,这个方法调用子元素的dispatchTouchEvent方法,从而完成了一轮事件分发。
if (child == null) {
handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
} else {
handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
}