【git】git 忽略一些文件不加入版本控制

问题：

编译代码生成一些编译文件，不需要加入到版本控制中

[root@centos-xtao xtao-test-build-fix]# git status
# On branch master
# Your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 4 commits.
#   (use "git push" to publish your local commits)
#
# Changes not staged for commit:
#   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
#   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
#
#	modified:   conf/compile/rpm_config_common.yml
#	modified:   libs/__init__.pyc
#	modified:   libs/common/__init__.pyc
#	modified:   libs/common/cmd/__init__.pyc
#	modified:   libs/common/cmd/shell_cmd_exe.pyc
#	modified:   libs/common/get/__init__.pyc
#	modified:   libs/common/get/get_file_list.pyc
#	modified:   libs/common/get/get_rpm_info.pyc
#	modified:   libs/common/get/list_file.pyc
#	modified:   libs/common/git/__init__.pyc
#	modified:   libs/common/git/refresh_code.pyc
#	modified:   libs/common/git/sync_to_git.pyc
#	modified:   libs/common/yum_source.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/__init__.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/common/__init__.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/common/rpm_config_get_set.py
#	modified:   libs/compile/common/rpm_config_get_set.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/common/whl_config_get_set.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/rpm/__init__.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/rpm/compile_check.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/rpm/copy_to_ext.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/rpm/copy_to_pkg.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/rpm/init.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/rpm/main.py
#	modified:   libs/compile/rpm/pre_compile.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/whl/__init__.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/whl/init.pyc
#
# Untracked files:
#   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
#
#	.gitignore
#	libs/compile/rpm/.copy_to_ext.py.swn
#	libs/compile/rpm/.copy_to_ext.py.swo
#	libs/compile/rpm/.copy_to_ext.py.swp
#	scripts/achelous_compile_target.sh
#	scripts/ceph-12.2.11_compile_target.sh
no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")

解决：

1. 添加.gitignore文件

1.1 在repo目录下创建.gitignore文件

cd /mnt/user/qinqin/scripts/xtao-test-build-fix
touch .gitignore

1.2 写入需要忽略的文件

#ignore this file
*.pyc
*.swn
*.swo
*.swp

1.3 这个是一个全局的忽略，需要执行一下命令生效

git config --global core.excludesfile ~/.gitignore

1.4 可以看到需要忽略的文件在git status中看不到了

[root@centos-xtao xtao-test-build-fix]# git status
# On branch master
# Your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 4 commits.
#   (use "git push" to publish your local commits)
#
# Changes not staged for commit:
#   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
#   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
#
#	modified:   conf/compile/rpm_config_common.yml
#	modified:   libs/__init__.pyc
#	modified:   libs/common/__init__.pyc
#	modified:   libs/common/cmd/__init__.pyc
#	modified:   libs/common/cmd/shell_cmd_exe.pyc
#	modified:   libs/common/get/__init__.pyc
#	modified:   libs/common/get/get_file_list.pyc
#	modified:   libs/common/get/get_rpm_info.pyc
#	modified:   libs/common/get/list_file.pyc
#	modified:   libs/common/git/__init__.pyc
#	modified:   libs/common/git/refresh_code.pyc
#	modified:   libs/common/git/sync_to_git.pyc
#	modified:   libs/common/yum_source.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/__init__.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/common/__init__.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/common/rpm_config_get_set.py
#	modified:   libs/compile/common/rpm_config_get_set.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/common/whl_config_get_set.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/rpm/__init__.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/rpm/compile_check.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/rpm/copy_to_ext.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/rpm/copy_to_pkg.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/rpm/init.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/rpm/main.py
#	modified:   libs/compile/rpm/pre_compile.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/whl/__init__.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/whl/init.pyc
#
# Untracked files:
#   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
#
#	.gitignore
#	scripts/achelous_compile_target.sh
#	scripts/ceph-12.2.11_compile_target.sh
no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")

1.5.1 但是已经在版本库中的是没办法的，只能删除了

find . -name "*.swo" | xargs rm -rf
find . -name "*.swp" | xargs rm -rf
find . -name "*.swn" | xargs rm -rf
find . -name "*.pyc" | xargs rm -rf

[root@centos-xtao xtao-test-build-fix]# git status
# On branch master
# Your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 4 commits.
#   (use "git push" to publish your local commits)
#
# Changes not staged for commit:
#   (use "git add/rm <file>..." to update what will be committed)
#   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
#
#	modified:   conf/compile/rpm_config_common.yml
#	deleted:    libs/__init__.pyc
#	deleted:    libs/common/__init__.pyc
#	deleted:    libs/common/cmd/__init__.pyc
#	deleted:    libs/common/cmd/shell_cmd_exe.pyc
#	deleted:    libs/common/get/__init__.pyc
#	deleted:    libs/common/get/get_file_list.pyc
#	deleted:    libs/common/get/get_rpm_info.pyc
#	deleted:    libs/common/get/list_file.pyc
#	deleted:    libs/common/git/__init__.pyc
#	deleted:    libs/common/git/refresh_code.pyc
#	deleted:    libs/common/git/sync_to_git.pyc
#	deleted:    libs/common/yum_source.pyc
#	deleted:    libs/compile/__init__.pyc
#	deleted:    libs/compile/common/__init__.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/common/rpm_config_get_set.py
#	deleted:    libs/compile/common/rpm_config_get_set.pyc
#	deleted:    libs/compile/common/whl_config_get_set.pyc
#	deleted:    libs/compile/rpm/__init__.pyc
#	deleted:    libs/compile/rpm/compile_check.pyc
#	deleted:    libs/compile/rpm/copy_to_ext.pyc
#	deleted:    libs/compile/rpm/copy_to_pkg.pyc
#	deleted:    libs/compile/rpm/init.pyc
#	modified:   libs/compile/rpm/main.py
#	deleted:    libs/compile/rpm/pre_compile.pyc
#	deleted:    libs/compile/whl/__init__.pyc
#	deleted:    libs/compile/whl/init.pyc
#	deleted:    libs/docker/base/.get_all_depended_info.py.swp
#	deleted:    libs/git/.git_branch.py.swp
#	deleted:    scripts/.spl-0.6.5.6_compile_target.sh.swp
#
# Untracked files:
#   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
#
#	.gitignore
#	scripts/achelous_compile_target.sh
#	scripts/ceph-12.2.11_compile_target.sh
no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")

1.5.2 若是已经commit，再加入gitignore是无效的，所以需要删除下缓存

 git rm -r --cached ignore_file

 

2.1  还有1种方式是在repo中添加要忽略的文件路径
    git update-index --assume-unchanged PATH    在PATH处输入要忽略的文件

 

3. 若是不想在公共的全局中进行忽略，仅自己本地进行忽略（因为 .gitignore 这个文件本身会提交到版本库中去），选择以下方式

 .git/info/exclude 这里设置的则是你自己本地需要排除的文件。 他不会影响到其他人。也不会提交到版本库中去

 

4 忽视跟踪后，恢复跟踪

4.1 git add

git add -f

4.2 .gitignore

在.gitignore中删除对应文件就行

4.3 git update-index --assume-unchanged

git update-index --no-assume-unchanged PATH 来解除

 

附：

https://blog.csdn.net/xmyzlz/article/details/8592302

https://blog.csdn.net/a748448660/article/details/83824555