定义:使多个对象都有机会处理请求,从而避免请求的发送者和接收者之间的耦合关系。将这个对象连成一条链,并沿着这条链传递该请求,直到有一个对象处理它为止。
结构图:
示例代码:
public abstract class Handler {
protected Handler successor;
public void setSuccessor(Handler successor) {
this.successor = successor;
}
public abstract void handlerRequest(int reqeust);
}
public class ConcreteHandler1 extends Handler {
@Override
public void handlerRequest(int request) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if (0 <= request && request <= 10) {
System.out.println(this.getClass().getName() + " " + request);
} else {
successor.handlerRequest(request);
}
}
}
public class ConcreteHandler2 extends Handler {
@Override
public void handlerRequest(int request) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if (10 < request && request <= 20) {
System.out.println(this.getClass().getName() + " " + request);
} else {
successor.handlerRequest(request);
}
}
}
public class ConcreteHandler3 extends Handler {
@Override
public void handlerRequest(int request) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if (20 < request && request <= 30) {
System.out.println(this.getClass().getName() + " " + request);
} else {
successor.handlerRequest(request);
}
}
}
客户端代码:
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Handler h1 = new ConcreteHandler1();
Handler h2 = new ConcreteHandler2();
Handler h3 = new ConcreteHandler3();
h1.setSuccessor(h2);
h2.setSuccessor(h3);
int[] requests = {2, 5, 14, 22, 18, 3, 27, 20 };
for (int i : requests) {
h1.handlerRequest(i);
}
}
}
运行结果如下:
observe.responsibility.ConcreteHandler1 2
observe.responsibility.ConcreteHandler1 5
observe.responsibility.ConcreteHandler2 14
observe.responsibility.ConcreteHandler3 22
observe.responsibility.ConcreteHandler2 18
observe.responsibility.ConcreteHandler1 3
observe.responsibility.ConcreteHandler3 27
observe.responsibility.ConcreteHandler2 20