Python虚拟环境

一、安装

#ubuntu20.04 sudo apt-get install python3-pip python-dev-is-python2 build-essential python3-dev
# sudo pip3 install virtualenv
# sudo pip3 install virtualenvwrapper
sudo apt-get install python-pip python-dev build-essential python3-dev
sudo pip install virtualenv
sudo pip install virtualenvwrapper
sudo pip install --upgrade pip
sudo pip install --upgrade virtualenv

二、环境配置

# .bashrc添加Python虚拟环境配置
export WORKON_HOME=/home/jtserver/.virtualenvs
mkdir $WORKON_HOME
echo "export WORKON_HOME=$WORKON_HOME" >> ~/.bashrc
echo "export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python3" >> ~/.bashrc
echo "source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh" >> ~/.bashrc
echo "export PIP_VIRTUALENV_BASE=$WORKON_HOME" >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc

三、使用命令

# python2 新建测试环境
mkvirtualenv test
# python3 新建测试环境
mkvirtualenv -p python3 test

workon test
deactivate
rmvirtualenv test

四、添加阿里云源

mkdir ~/.pip
cd $_
echo '
[install]
use-mirrors = true
mirrors = http://b.pypi.python.org
[global]
index-url = http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com
# 豆瓣源
# index-url = http://pypi.douban.com/simple/
# trusted-host = pypi.douban.com
' >> ~/.pip/pip.conf

五、缺少库报错

- pillow
    sudo apt-get install libtiff5-dev libjpeg8-dev zlib1g-dev libfreetype6-dev liblcms2-dev libwebp-dev tcl8.6-dev tk8.6-dev python-tk
- python setup.py egg_info
    sudo apt-get install libpq-dev python-dev
- mysqldb 可能缺少mysql_config
    sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev python-dev
- ssl
    pip install --force-reinstall requests[security]

六、添加python源

sudo apt update
sudo apt install software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa
sudo apt update