windows下的nginx学习

1.nginx命令

1.启动

D:\tool\nginx-1.8.1>start nginx

2.停止

D:\tool\nginx-1.8.1>nginx.exe -s stop

D:\tool\nginx-1.8.1>nginx.exe -s quit

注：stop是快速停止nginx，可能并不保存相关信息；quit是完整有序的停止nginx，并保存相关信息。

3.重新载入Nginx：

D:\tool\nginx-1.8.1>nginx.exe -s reload

4.查看版本：

nginx -v

5.杀死所有nginx进程：

taskkill /f /t /im nginx.exe

2.nginx配置

静态资源配置只能放在 location / 中

【nginx.conf】

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

   upstream ser1 {
       server 192.168.1.60:8081;
   }
   upstream ser2 {
       server 192.168.1.60:8081 weight=2;
       server 192.168.1.60:8083 weight=3;
   }

    upstream ser3 {
       server 192.168.1.60:8083;
    }

   upstream ser4 {
       server 192.168.1.60:8084;
    }


    server {
        listen       9091;
        server_name  192.168.1.60;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   e:/App/;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

    location ^~/ser1/ {
            proxy_pass http://ser2;
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

    location ^~/ser2/ {
            proxy_pass http://ser2;
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
      }

     location /ser4/ {
            proxy_pass http://ser4;
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
      }

     location ^~/ser3/ {
            proxy_pass http://ser3;
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
      }


      location /download  {
        # alias D:/tool/nginx-1.8.1/temp/docs;
         root   /docs;
        autoindex on;

      }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

   include conf.d/*.conf;

}

【9092.conf】

 



    server {
        listen       9092;
        server_name  192.168.1.60;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   e:/App/;
            index  index1.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

3.root、alias、index、proxy_pass

还有一个重要的区别是alias后面必须要用“/”结束，否则会找不到文件的，而root则可有可无~~

3.1 root、index

以下的访问路径相当于：http://192.168.1.60:9091/cfk/  === http://192.168.1.60:9091/nginx/index/cfk，然后index是指先去找index55.html，若无该文件，再接着找index4.html、index5.html，如果没找到则会报错：

但是访问 ：http://192.168.1.60:9091/cfk/index3.html  则正确，因为 nginx/index/cfk下是存在index3.html文件的。

若配置正确，则访问成功：【这就是index的作用】

3.2  alias

总结：root是会拼接去找地址；alias是直接对应映射的地址。

参考来源：Windows下Nginx的启动、停止、重启等命令 - 建铭博客 - 博客园

3.3 proxy_pass

在nginx中配置proxy_pass代理转发时，如果在proxy_pass后面的url加/，表示绝对根路径；如果没有/，表示相对路径，把匹配的路径部分也给代理走。

访问http://192.168.1.1/proxy/test.html 时候：

第一种： 相当于：http://127.0.0.1/test.html
location   /proxy/  {
     proxy_pass    http://127.0.0.1/;
}

第二种 ： 相当于：http://127.0.0.1/proxy/test.html
location /proxy/ {undefined
      proxy_pass    http://127.0.0.1;
}

第三种：相当于：http://127.0.0.1/aaa/test.html
location /proxy/ {
      proxy_pass    http://127.0.0.1/aaa/;
}

第四种 ：相当于：http://127.0.0.1/aaatest.html

location /proxy/ {
      proxy_pass    http://127.0.0.1/aaa;
}

参考来源：nginx 之 proxy_pass详解_风的专栏-CSDN博客_nginx proxy_pass