八十、尚硅谷kylin单机版环境——安装MySQL

安装mysql（网络正常 可以yum）
（一）打开安装包所在地
[root@kylin141 ~]# cd /opt/install/
[root@kylin141 install]# ls
apache-hive-3.1.2-bin.tar.gz       hbase-2.0.5-bin.tar.gz                    mysql-connector-java-5.1.37.jar
apache-kylin-3.0.2-bin.tar.gz      jdk-8u212-linux-x64.tar.gz                spark-3.0.0-bin-hadoop3.2.tgz
apache-zookeeper-3.5.7-bin.tar.gz  kafka_2.11-2.4.1.tgz
hadoop-3.1.3.tar.gz                mysql-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

（二）执行下面命令，查看是否安装有 mariadb rpm -qa | grep mariadb 
[root@kylin141 install]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb

（三）如果有装 mariadb 的话，则都要执行下面命令，卸载 mariadb: 
[root@kylin141 install]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs

（四）解压安装包
[root@kylin141 install]# tar -xf mysql-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 
[root@kylin141 install]# ls

（五）按照顺序依次下载（网络正常）
[root@kylin141 install]# yum install -y libaio
[root@kylin141 install]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@kylin141 install]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@kylin141 install]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@kylin141 install]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@kylin141 install]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@kylin141 install]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --force --nodeps

（六）删除/etc/my.cnf 文件中 datadir 指向的目录下的所有内容
首先，查看文件路径
[root@kylin141 install]# cat /etc/my.cnf
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

然后，删除/var/lib/mysql 目录下的所有内容:
[root@kylin141 install]# cd /var/lib/mysql
[root@kylin141 mysql]# rm -rf ./*

（七）初始化数据库
[root@kylin141 mysql]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

（八）查看临时生成的 root 用户的密码
[root@kylin141 mysql]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log
2022-05-08T10:57:11.067645Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2022-05-08T10:57:13.909903Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2022-05-08T10:57:14.499476Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: j&3%Paweinj(

（九）启动 MySQL 服务
[root@kylin141 mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
（十）查看MySQL状态
[root@kylin141 mysql]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sun 2022-05-08 18:58:20 CST; 16s ago
    
（十一）登录 MySQL 数据库
[root@kylin141 mysql]# mysql -uroot -p 
Enter password:      即上面生成的初始密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
登录成功.

（十二）进入 MySQL 服务交互界面，输入如下命令，修改 root 的密码：
mysql> set password = password("123456");
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

（十二）修改 mysql 库下的 user 表中的 root 用户允许任意 ip 连接
mysql> update mysql.user set host='%' where user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

（十三）设置远程登陆
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

（十四）查看MySQL版本
mysql> select version();
+-----------+
| version() |
+-----------+
| 5.7.28    |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit

退出后配置文件解决中文乱码问题

（十五）先关闭MySQL服务
[root@kylin141 mysql]# systemctl stop  mysqld

（十六）配置/etc/my.cnf文件
[root@kylin141 mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf
3 [mysqld]
4 character-set-server=utf8
5 [client]
6 default-character-set=utf8
7 [mysql]
8 default-character-set=utf8
      
24 [mysqld]
25 datadir=/var/lib/mysql
26 socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

配置完后按esc   ：wq保存并退出

（十七）然后，再次启动MySQL服务
[root@kylin141 mysql]# systemctl restart  mysqld

（十八）登录MySQL    用户名root  密码123456
root@kylin141 mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.28 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

（十九）确认一下中文乱码配置是否成功
mysql> show variables like '%char%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+