内核设备驱动API之device_add

int device_add(struct device *dev)用于添加一个设备到linux的设备数
其源码分析如下：
int device_add(struct device *dev)
{
	struct device *parent;
	struct kobject *kobj;
	struct class_interface *class_intf;
	int error = -EINVAL;
	struct kobject *glue_dir = NULL;
	#得到这个设备
	dev = get_device(dev);
	if (!dev)
		goto done;
	#检查设备是否有私有的初始化函数
	if (!dev->p) {
		error = device_private_init(dev);
		if (error)
			goto done;
	}

	/*
	 * for statically allocated devices, which should all be converted
	 * some day, we need to initialize the name. We prevent reading back
	 * the name, and force the use of dev_name()
	 */
	 #设置device的name 我们平时通过cat 看到的device的name就是在这里设定的
	if (dev->init_name) {
		dev_set_name(dev, "%s", dev->init_name);
		dev->init_name = NULL;
	}

	/* subsystems can specify simple device enumeration */
	#如果没有指定device的init_name 就用bus 中的dev_name和dev id来组成device name
	if (!dev_name(dev) && dev->bus && dev->bus->dev_name)
		dev_set_name(dev, "%s%u", dev->bus->dev_name, dev->id);
	#如果前两部都没有成功设置device name则退出
	if (!dev_name(dev)) {
		error = -EINVAL;
		goto name_error;
	}
	#通过dmesg 可以看到下面打印出的name
	pr_debug("device: '%s': %s\n", dev_name(dev), __func__);
	#获得这个设备的父设备
	parent = get_device(dev->parent);
	kobj = get_device_parent(dev, parent);
	if (kobj)
		dev->kobj.parent = kobj;

	/* use parent numa_node */
	#子设备会复用父设备的numa 节点
	if (parent && (dev_to_node(dev) == NUMA_NO_NODE))
		set_dev_node(dev, dev_to_node(parent));

	/* first, register with generic layer. */
	/* we require the name to be set before, and pass NULL */
	error = kobject_add(&dev->kobj, dev->kobj.parent, NULL);
	if (error) {
		glue_dir = get_glue_dir(dev);
		goto Error;
	}

	/* notify platform of device entry */
	if (platform_notify)
		platform_notify(dev);
	#新建attr_uevent
	error = device_create_file(dev, &dev_attr_uevent);
	if (error)
		goto attrError;
	#建立symbol link
	error = device_add_class_symlinks(dev);
	if (error)
		goto SymlinkError;
	#添加attr
	error = device_add_attrs(dev);
	if (error)
		goto AttrsError;
	#在bus中添加这个device
	error = bus_add_device(dev);
	if (error)
		goto BusError;
	#在power manager中增加这个设备
	error = dpm_sysfs_add(dev);
	if (error)
		goto DPMError;
	device_pm_add(dev);
	#在sys中增加入口
	if (MAJOR(dev->devt)) {
		error = device_create_file(dev, &dev_attr_dev);
		if (error)
			goto DevAttrError;

		error = device_create_sys_dev_entry(dev);
		if (error)
			goto SysEntryError;

		devtmpfs_create_node(dev);
	}

	/* Notify clients of device addition.  This call must come
	 * after dpm_sysfs_add() and before kobject_uevent().
	 */
	if (dev->bus)
		blocking_notifier_call_chain(&dev->bus->p->bus_notifier,
					     BUS_NOTIFY_ADD_DEVICE, dev);
	#向user space 发送uevent 命令
	kobject_uevent(&dev->kobj, KOBJ_ADD);
	#开始bus的probe 过程
	bus_probe_device(dev);
	#如果这个设备有父设备，则将这个device 添加到父设备的klist中
	if (parent)
		klist_add_tail(&dev->p->knode_parent,
			       &parent->p->klist_children);
	#如果这个device属于某个class，也添加到父设备的对应的class 对应klist中
	if (dev->class) {
		mutex_lock(&dev->class->p->mutex);
		/* tie the class to the device */
		klist_add_tail(&dev->knode_class,
			       &dev->class->p->klist_devices);

		/* notify any interfaces that the device is here */
		list_for_each_entry(class_intf,
				    &dev->class->p->interfaces, node)
			if (class_intf->add_dev)
				class_intf->add_dev(dev, class_intf);
		mutex_unlock(&dev->class->p->mutex);
	}
done:
	put_device(dev);
	return error;

}