Netty 实现http请求 并响应

Netty 实现http请求 并响应

https://blog.csdn.net/AP0906424/article/details/121107119

什么是Netty?
Netty 是一个利用Java 的高级网络的能力，隐藏其背后的复杂性而提供一个易于使用的API 的客户端/服务器 框架。

Netty 与 Tomcat
Netty与tomcat 最大的区别在于通信协议。Tomcat 是基于Http 协议的，它的实质是一个基于Http协议的web 容器。

但是Netty 不一样，它能通过编程自定义各种协议，因为netty能够通过codec 自己来编码/解码 字节流。完成类似redis访问的功能。

这就是netty 和tomcat 最大的不同

Netty 实现接受http 请求及响应
NettyHttpServerHandler 实际处理的handler，可以处理get 和post 请求

package com.damai;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFutureListener;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultFullHttpResponse;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.FullHttpRequest;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.FullHttpResponse;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpMethod;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseStatus;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpVersion;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.QueryStringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.multipart.DefaultHttpDataFactory;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.multipart.HttpPostRequestDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.multipart.InterfaceHttpData;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.multipart.MemoryAttribute;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
import io.netty.util.internal.StringUtil;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**

• @ClassName NettyHttpServerHandler

• @Description 自定义处理的Handler

• @Author xl

• @Date 2019/8/27 11:30

• @Version 1.0
  */
  public class NettyHttpServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler {
  @Override
  protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext, FullHttpRequest fullHttpRequest) throws Exception {
  System.out.println(fullHttpRequest);

   FullHttpResponse response = null;
   if(fullHttpRequest.method() == HttpMethod.GET){
       System.out.println(getGetParamsFromChannel(fullHttpRequest));
       String data = "GET method over";
       ByteBuf buf = copiedBuffer(data, CharsetUtil.UTF_8);
       response = responseOk(HttpResponseStatus.OK,buf);
   }else if(fullHttpRequest.method() == HttpMethod.POST){
       System.out.println(getPostParamsFromChannel(fullHttpRequest));
       String data = "POST method over";
       ByteBuf buf = copiedBuffer(data, CharsetUtil.UTF_8);
       response = responseOk(HttpResponseStatus.OK,buf);
   }else{
       response = responseOk(HttpResponseStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,null);
   }
   // 发送响应
   channelHandlerContext.writeAndFlush(response).addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
  

  }

  private ByteBuf copiedBuffer(String data, Charset utf8) {
  return Unpooled.wrappedBuffer(data.getBytes());
  }

  private Map<String, Object> getPostParamsFromChannel(FullHttpRequest fullHttpRequest) {
  Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
  if(fullHttpRequest.method() == HttpMethod.POST){
  // 处理post 请求
  String strContentType = fullHttpRequest.headers().get(“Content-Type”).trim();
  if(StringUtil.isNullOrEmpty(strContentType)){
  return null;
  }
  if(strContentType.contains(“x-www-form-urlencoded”)){
  params = getFormParams(fullHttpRequest);
  }else if(strContentType.contains(“application/json”)){
  params = getJSONParams(fullHttpRequest);
  }else {
  return null;
  }
  }
  return params;
  }

  private Map<String, Object> getJSONParams(FullHttpRequest fullHttpRequest) {
  Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();

   ByteBuf content = fullHttpRequest.content();
   byte[] reqContent = new byte[content.readableBytes()];
   content.readBytes(reqContent);
   String strContent = null;
   try {
       strContent = new String(reqContent, "UTF-8");
   } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
       e.printStackTrace();
   }
  
   JSONObject jsonParams = JSONObject.parseObject(strContent);
   for (Object key : jsonParams.keySet()) {
       params.put(key.toString(), jsonParams.get(key));
   }
  
   return params;
  

  }

  private Map<String, Object> getFormParams(FullHttpRequest fullHttpRequest) {
  Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();

   HttpPostRequestDecoder decoder = new HttpPostRequestDecoder(new DefaultHttpDataFactory(false), fullHttpRequest);
   List<InterfaceHttpData> postData = decoder.getBodyHttpDatas();
  
   for (InterfaceHttpData data : postData) {
       if (data.getHttpDataType() == InterfaceHttpData.HttpDataType.Attribute) {
           MemoryAttribute attribute = (MemoryAttribute) data;
           params.put(attribute.getName(), attribute.getValue());
       }
   }
  
   return params;
  

  }

  private FullHttpResponse responseOk(HttpResponseStatus status, ByteBuf buf) {
  FullHttpResponse response = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1,
  status,buf);
  if(buf != null){
  response.headers().set(“Content-Type”,“text/plain;charset=UTF-8”);
  response.headers().set(“Content-Length”,response.content().readableBytes());
  }
  return response;
  }

  private Map<String, Object> getGetParamsFromChannel(FullHttpRequest fullHttpRequest) {
  Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
  if(fullHttpRequest.method() == HttpMethod.GET){
  QueryStringDecoder decoder = new QueryStringDecoder(fullHttpRequest.uri());
  Map<String, List> paramList = decoder.parameters();

       for(Map.Entry<String, List<String>> entry : paramList.entrySet()){
           params.put(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue().get(0));
       }
       return params;
   }
   return params;
  

  }
  }
  Server 端启动程序

package com.damai;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObjectAggregator;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequestDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseEncoder;
import io.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedWriteHandler;

/**

• @ClassName NettyHttpServer

• @Description TODO

• @Author xl

• @Date 2019/8/27 12:09

• @Version 1.0
  */
  public class NettyHttpServer {

  private int inetPort;

  public NettyHttpServer(int inetPort) {
  this.inetPort = inetPort;
  }

  public int getInetPort() {
  return inetPort;
  }

  public void init() throws Exception {

   EventLoopGroup parentGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
   EventLoopGroup childGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
  
   try {
       ServerBootstrap server = new ServerBootstrap();
       // 1. 绑定两个线程组分别用来处理客户端通道的accept和读写时间
       server.group(parentGroup, childGroup)
               // 2. 绑定服务端通道NioServerSocketChannel
               .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
               // 3. 给读写事件的线程通道绑定handler去真正处理读写
               // ChannelInitializer初始化通道SocketChannel
               .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                   @Override
                   protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {
                       // 请求解码器
                       socketChannel.pipeline().addLast("http-decoder", new HttpRequestDecoder());
                       // 将HTTP消息的多个部分合成一条完整的HTTP消息
                       socketChannel.pipeline().addLast("http-aggregator", new HttpObjectAggregator(65535));
                       // 响应转码器
                       socketChannel.pipeline().addLast("http-encoder", new HttpResponseEncoder());
                       // 解决大码流的问题，ChunkedWriteHandler：向客户端发送HTML5文件
                       socketChannel.pipeline().addLast("http-chunked", new ChunkedWriteHandler());
                       // 自定义处理handler
                       socketChannel.pipeline().addLast("http-server", new NettyHttpServerHandler());
                   }
               });
       // 4. 监听端口（服务器host和port端口），同步返回
       // ChannelFuture future = server.bind(inetHost, this.inetPort).sync();
       ChannelFuture future = server.bind(this.inetPort).sync();
       // 当通道关闭时继续向后执行，这是一个阻塞方法
       future.channel().closeFuture().sync();
   } finally {
       childGroup.shutdownGracefully();
       parentGroup.shutdownGracefully();
   }
  

  }

  public static void main(String[] args) {
  NettyHttpServer server = new NettyHttpServer(8080);

   try {
       server.init();
   } catch (Exception e) {
       e.printStackTrace();
       System.err.println("exception: " + e.getMessage());
   }
   System.out.println("server close!");
  

  }

}

服务端启动后，可以通过postman 进行请求模拟:

get请求：

HttpObjectAggregator$AggregatedFullHttpRequest(decodeResult: success, version: HTTP/1.1, content: CompositeByteBuf(ridx: 0, widx: 0, cap: 0, components=0))
GET /?abc=666 HTTP/1.1
cache-control: no-cache
Postman-Token: fc519c93-cb2b-4ef1-b002-9f5b02834bc2
User-Agent: PostmanRuntime/7.6.0
Accept: /
Host: 127.0.0.1:8080
accept-encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: keep-alive
content-length: 0
{abc=666}

post请求：

HttpObjectAggregator$AggregatedFullHttpRequest(decodeResult: success, version: HTTP/1.1, content: CompositeByteBuf(ridx: 0, widx: 17, cap: 17, components=1))
POST / HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
cache-control: no-cache
Postman-Token: de61613e-ef01-405f-9a24-3976449f3428
User-Agent: PostmanRuntime/7.6.0
Accept: /
Host: 127.0.0.1:8080
accept-encoding: gzip, deflate
content-length: 17
Connection: keep-alive
{a=888, b=999, c=000}