Netty实现Http服务器

本文介绍了如何利用Netty框架创建一个高效的Http服务器,详细阐述了实现过程和技术要点。
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   基于Netty可以很轻松的实现一个自己的服务器。

   

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.*;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.*;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;

public class NettyHttpServer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{


        NioEventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
        NioEventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();

        try {

            ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
            serverBootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                       
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Netty是一款基于NIO的网络编程框架,提供了高效、稳定、灵活的网络编程能力。使用Netty实现代理服务器可以简化开发过程,提高性能和可维护性。 以下是使用Netty实现代理服务器的示例代码: ``` import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap; import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf; import io.netty.channel.*; import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel; import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel; import io.netty.handler.codec.http.*; import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel; import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler; import io.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedWriteHandler; public class ProxyServer { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); try { Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap(); bootstrap.group(workerGroup) .channel(NioSocketChannel.class) .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO)) .option(ChannelOption.AUTO_READ, false) .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { @Override protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception { ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpClientCodec()); ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(65536)); ch.pipeline().addLast(new ChunkedWriteHandler()); ch.pipeline().addLast(new ProxyServerHandler()); } }); ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.connect("www.example.com", 80).sync(); future.channel().closeFuture().sync(); } finally { workerGroup.shutdownGracefully(); } } private static class ProxyServerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter { private Channel remoteChannel; @Override public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { remoteChannel = ctx.channel(); ctx.read(); } @Override public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception { if (msg instanceof HttpRequest) { HttpRequest request = (HttpRequest) msg; String host = request.headers().get("Host"); ChannelFuture future = new Bootstrap() .group(ctx.channel().eventLoop()) .channel(ctx.channel().getClass()) .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO)) .option(ChannelOption.AUTO_READ, false) .option(ChannelOption.CONNECT_TIMEOUT_MILLIS, 10000) .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { @Override protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception { ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpResponseDecoder()); ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(65536)); ch.pipeline().addLast(new ChunkedWriteHandler()); ch.pipeline().addLast(new ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter() { @Override public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { ctx.writeAndFlush(request); ctx.read(); } @Override public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception { if (msg instanceof HttpResponse) { HttpResponse response = (HttpResponse) msg; response.headers().remove("Transfer-Encoding"); response.headers().remove("Content-Length"); remoteChannel.writeAndFlush(response); remoteChannel.writeAndFlush(new ChunkedNioStream((ByteBuf) msg)); } else if (msg instanceof HttpContent) { remoteChannel.writeAndFlush(new ChunkedNioStream((ByteBuf) msg)); if (msg instanceof LastHttpContent) { remoteChannel.writeAndFlush(LastHttpContent.EMPTY_LAST_CONTENT) .addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE); } } } @Override public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { remoteChannel.writeAndFlush(LastHttpContent.EMPTY_LAST_CONTENT) .addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE); } @Override public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception { cause.printStackTrace(); remoteChannel.writeAndFlush(LastHttpContent.EMPTY_LAST_CONTENT) .addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE); } }); } }) .connect(host, 80); remoteChannel.config().setAutoRead(false); future.addListener((ChannelFutureListener) future1 -> { if (future1.isSuccess()) { remoteChannel.config().setAutoRead(true); ctx.channel().config().setAutoRead(true); } else { remoteChannel.writeAndFlush(LastHttpContent.EMPTY_LAST_CONTENT) .addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE); ctx.writeAndFlush(LastHttpContent.EMPTY_LAST_CONTENT) .addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE); } }); } else if (msg instanceof HttpContent) { remoteChannel.writeAndFlush(new ChunkedNioStream((ByteBuf) msg)); if (msg instanceof LastHttpContent) { remoteChannel.writeAndFlush(LastHttpContent.EMPTY_LAST_CONTENT); } } } @Override public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { if (remoteChannel != null) { remoteChannel.writeAndFlush(LastHttpContent.EMPTY_LAST_CONTENT) .addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE); } } @Override public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception { cause.printStackTrace(); if (remoteChannel != null) { remoteChannel.writeAndFlush(LastHttpContent.EMPTY_LAST_CONTENT) .addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE); } ctx.close(); } } } ``` 以上代码中,代理服务器连接到目标服务器的IP地址和端口号是硬编码的,你需要根据实际情况进行修改。在启动代理服务器之后,当客户端发送HTTP请求时,会在一个新的线程中处理请求,解析请求并连接到目标服务器,将请求转发给目标服务器。接收到目标服务器的响应后,将响应转发给客户端。
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