一、配置YUM
参考官方文档
1. 下载MySQL Yum Repository
打开:https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/
下载Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux 7 (Architecture Independent), RPM Package
wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
2. 添加MySQL Yum Repository
yum install mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
2. 选择版本
yum repolist all | grep mysql
可以看到mysql8仓库是启用状态,mysql5.7仓库是禁用状态。
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo
修改yum仓库中mysql的仓库文件
再次运行:
yum repolist all | grep mysql
mysql5.7仓库已经启用.
二、安装MySQL
1. yum安装mysql-community-server
yum install mysql-community-server
可以看到安装的MySQL版本为5.7.33
2. 修改编码为utf8mb4
修改/etc/my.cnf:
[client]
default-character-set = utf8mb4
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8mb4
[mysqld]
character-set-client-handshake = FALSE
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
3. 启动mysql
systemctl start mysqld
systemctl status mysqld
4. 查找mysql的root临时密码
grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
三、学习环境的一些配置
1. 使用临时密码登陆
mysql -uroot -p
2. 查询密码强度校验
此时默认的密码校验规则是:包含大小写字母、特殊符号、数字,并且长度大于8位
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
直接运行该命令会报错,需要先修改密码(按默认校验规则)
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'YourPasswd123.';
再次运行该命令:
其中:
- validate_password_policy: 指定密码的强度验证等级,默认为 MEDIUM;
- LOW:只验证长度;
- MEDIUM:验证长度、数字、大小写、特殊字符;
- STRONG:验证长度、数字、大小写、特殊字符、字典文件;
- validate_password_length: 固定密码的总长度;
set global validate_password_policy=LOW;
set global validate_password_length=4;
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'root';
注:上述命令不适合用于生产环境
3. 远程访问
查看mysql库中的user表:
将host由localhost更新为%:
use mysql;
show tables;
select Host,User from user;
update user set Host='%' where user='root';
flush privileges;
4. 查看编码:
show variables like '%char%';