Pattern matching in Scala -- Scala模式匹配

模式匹配

Scala 模式匹配比较灵活多变, 支持非常多的方式. 网上资料, 不管是官网的tour 还是别的地方都比较分散, 这里做一个整合.

基本语法

基本语法比较简单, 不做过多介绍.

x match {
  case 0 => "zero"
  case 1 => "one"
  case 2 => "two"
  case _ => "many"
}

匹配方法

类匹配

可以理解为匹配类定义, 且可以获取相应变量

abstract class Notification
case class Email(sender: String, title: String, body: String) extends Notification
case class SMS(caller: String, message: String) extends Nofication
case class VoiceRecording(contactName: String, link: String) extends Notification

notification match{
  case Email(sender, title, _) => s"You got an email from $sender with title: $title"
  case SMS(number, message) => s"You got an SMS from..."
  case VoiceRecording(name, link) => s"$name, $link"
}

类型匹配

match on type only. 可以匹配泛型. 更详细参见 这里

notification match{
  case e: Email => 
  case s: SMS =>
  case v: VoiceRecording =>
  case list: List[_]