C++基于TCP/IP简单的客户端、服务器通信程序实例

本篇文章实现了一个基于TCP 的一个非常简单的客户/服务器通信程序实例。该程序中通讯协议使用的是面向连接的TCP协议SOCK_STREAM, 服务器的ip地址为本地地址即：

127.0.0.1，端口号为自定义的5099（大于1024即可），

服务端的功能：只要有客户端连接请求，服务端就接受连接，在连接成功后向客户端发送数据，并且接受客户端发送的数据（只发送一次）。
客户端：向服务端发出请求后接受并显示服务端的数据，并且给服务端也发送数据。（只发送一次）

以下代码是服务端程序代码：

#include <WinSock2.h>  
#include <stdio.h>  
#include <stdlib.h>  

#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")  

void main()  
{  
    WSADATA wsaData;  
    int port = 5099;  

    char buf[] = "Server: hello, I am a server.....";   

    if(WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData) != 0)  
    {  
        printf("Failed to load Winsock");  
        return;  
    }  

    //创建用于监听的套接字  
    SOCKET sockSrv = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);  

    SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv;  
    addrSrv.sin_family = AF_INET;  
    addrSrv.sin_port = htons(port); //1024以上的端口号  
    addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);  

    int retVal = bind(sockSrv, (LPSOCKADDR)&addrSrv, sizeof(SOCKADDR_IN));  
    if(retVal == SOCKET_ERROR){  
        printf("Failed bind:%d\n", WSAGetLastError());  
        return;  
    }  

    if(listen(sockSrv,10) ==SOCKET_ERROR){  
        printf("Listen failed:%d", WSAGetLastError());  
        return;  
    }  

    SOCKADDR_IN addrClient;  
    int len = sizeof(SOCKADDR);  

    while(1)  
    {  
        //等待客户请求到来    
        SOCKET sockConn = accept(sockSrv, (SOCKADDR *) &addrClient, &len);  
        if(sockConn == SOCKET_ERROR){  
            printf("Accept failed:%d", WSAGetLastError());  
            break;  
        }  

        printf("Accept client IP:[%s]\n", inet_ntoa(addrClient.sin_addr));  

        //发送数据  
        int iSend = send(sockConn, buf, sizeof(buf) , 0);  
        if(iSend == SOCKET_ERROR){  
            printf("send failed");  
            break;  
        }  

        char recvBuf[100];  
        memset(recvBuf, 0, sizeof(recvBuf));  
//      //接收数据  
        recv(sockConn, recvBuf, sizeof(recvBuf), 0);  
        printf("%s\n", recvBuf);  

        closesocket(sockConn);  
    }  

    closesocket(sockSrv);  
    WSACleanup();  
    system("pause");  
}  

接下来是客户端代码：

#include <WinSock2.h>  
#include <stdio.h>  

#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")  

void main()  
{  
    //加载套接字  
    WSADATA wsaData;  
    char buff[1024];  
    memset(buff, 0, sizeof(buff));  

    if(WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData) != 0)  
    {  
        printf("Failed to load Winsock");  
        return;  
    }  

    SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv;  
    addrSrv.sin_family = AF_INET;  
    addrSrv.sin_port = htons(5099);  
    addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");  

    //创建套接字  
    SOCKET sockClient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);  
    if(SOCKET_ERROR == sockClient){  
        printf("Socket() error:%d", WSAGetLastError());  
        return;  
    }  

    //向服务器发出连接请求  
    if(connect(sockClient, (struct  sockaddr*)&addrSrv, sizeof(addrSrv)) == INVALID_SOCKET){  
        printf("Connect failed:%d", WSAGetLastError());  
        return;  
    }else  
    {  
        //接收数据  
        recv(sockClient, buff, sizeof(buff), 0);  
        printf("%s\n", buff);  
    }  

    //发送数据  
    char buff = "hello, this is a Client....";  
    send(sockClient, buff, sizeof(buff), 0);  

    //关闭套接字  
    closesocket(sockClient);  
    WSACleanup();  
}  

这是初始版本，接下来是实现一问一答的聊天模式版本

服务端代码：

#include <WinSock2.h>  
#include <stdio.h>  
#include <stdlib.h>  
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")  

void main()
{
    WSADATA wsaData;
    int port = 5099;

    char buf[] = "Server: hello, I am a server.....";

    if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData) != 0)
    {
        printf("Failed to load Winsock");
        return;
    }

    //创建用于监听的套接字  
    SOCKET sockSrv = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);

    SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv;
    addrSrv.sin_family = AF_INET;
    addrSrv.sin_port = htons(port); //1024以上的端口号  
    addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);

    int retVal = bind(sockSrv, (LPSOCKADDR)&addrSrv, sizeof(SOCKADDR_IN));
    if (retVal == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        printf("Failed bind:%d\n", WSAGetLastError());
        return;
    }

    if (listen(sockSrv, 10) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        printf("Listen failed:%d", WSAGetLastError());
        return;
    }

    SOCKADDR_IN addrClient;
    int len = sizeof(SOCKADDR);


    //等待客户请求到来    
    SOCKET sockConn = accept(sockSrv, (SOCKADDR *)&addrClient, &len);
    if (sockConn == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        printf("Accept failed:%d", WSAGetLastError());
        //break;
    }

    printf("Accept client IP:[%s]\n", inet_ntoa(addrClient.sin_addr));

    int iSend = send(sockConn, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
    if (iSend == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        printf("send failed");
        //break;
    }

    while (1)
    {   

        char recvBuf[100];
        memset(recvBuf, 0, sizeof(recvBuf));
      //接收数据  
        recv(sockConn, recvBuf, sizeof(recvBuf), 0);

        cout << "收到的信息： ";
        cout << recvBuf << endl;

        //发送数据  
        cout << "请输入发送的信息： " ;
        char sendBuf[100];
        memset(sendBuf, 0, sizeof(sendBuf));
        cin.getline(sendBuf,sizeof(sendBuf));

        iSend = send(sockConn, sendBuf, sizeof(sendBuf), 0);
        if (iSend == SOCKET_ERROR) {
            printf("send failed");
            break;
        }

        if (sendBuf[0] == 'e')    //关闭套接字
        {
            closesocket(sockConn);
            cout << "关闭接受套接字" << endl;
            break;
        }

    }

    closesocket(sockSrv);
    WSACleanup();
    system("pause");
}

以下是客户端：

#include <WinSock2.h>  
#include <stdio.h>  
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")  

void main()
{
    //加载套接字  
    WSADATA wsaData;
    char buff[1024];
    memset(buff, 0, sizeof(buff));

    if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData) != 0)
    {
        printf("Failed to load Winsock");
        return;
    }

    SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv;
    addrSrv.sin_family = AF_INET;
    addrSrv.sin_port = htons(5099);
    addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");

    //创建套接字  
    SOCKET sockClient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if (SOCKET_ERROR == sockClient) {
        printf("Socket() error:%d", WSAGetLastError());
        return;
    }

    //向服务器发出连接请求  
    if (connect(sockClient, (struct  sockaddr*)&addrSrv, sizeof(addrSrv)) == INVALID_SOCKET) {
        printf("Connect failed:%d", WSAGetLastError());
        return;
    }
//  else
    while(1)
    {
        //接收数据  
        recv(sockClient, buff, sizeof(buff), 0);
        cout << "收到的信息: ";
        cout << buff << endl;

        //发送数据  
        //char buff1[] = "hello, this is a Client....";
        cout << "请输入发送的信息: " ;
        char sendBuf[100];
        memset(sendBuf, 0, sizeof(sendBuf));
        cin.getline(sendBuf,sizeof(sendBuf));
        cout << "sizeof(sendBuf):" << sizeof(sendBuf) << endl;
        send(sockClient, sendBuf, sizeof(sendBuf), 0);

        if (sendBuf[0] == 'e')
        {
            //关闭套接字  
            closesocket(sockClient);
            cout << "关闭client套接字" << endl;
            break;
        }

    }


    WSACleanup();
    system("puase");
}