【MySQL】windows安装MySQL 5.7

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如果直接安装官网的安装包（MySQL Community Server），会连带一些用不上的软件。

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一、下载MySQL

清华大学开源软件镜像站：mysql-5.7.31-winx64.msi

二、安装MySQL

可以用ZIP，也可以用安装包，个人感觉安装包更容易管理。
双击安装，默认路径：C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7
安装后大约占用400MB空间，实际数据本身也会占一定空间。

三、添加环境变量

四、创建文件夹

安装成功后，系统会新增两个文件夹。

• C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7
• C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7\data

但是data文件夹是空的（里面有三个文件夹，也是空的）。
假如data有内容，把data全部内容删除，然后用命令行初始化。

Windows PowerShell
版权所有 (C) Microsoft Corporation。保留所有权利。

PS C:\Windows\system32> cd 'C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7\bin\'
PS C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7\bin> .\mysqld.exe --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir="C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7\data"
PS C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7\bin>

五、配置文件

配置文件优先级

1. C:\Windows\my.ini
2. C:\Windows\my.cnf
3. C:\my.ini
4. C:\my.cnf
5. C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7\my.ini
6. C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7\my.cnf

客户端配置

路径：C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7\my.ini

[mysql]

no-beep
default-character-set=utf8

服务端配置

路径：C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7\data\my.ini

[mysqld]

# Path to installation directory. All paths are usually resolved relative to this.
basedir="C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.7/"

# Path to the database root
datadir="C:/ProgramData/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.7/data/"

# The TCP/IP Port the MySQL Server will listen on
port=3306

# sql_mode
sql_mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"

# UTF-8
character_set_server=utf8

# innoDB
default-storage-engine=INNODB

# ***** Group Replication Related *****
# Defines the algorithm used to hash the writes extracted during a transaction. If you
# are using Group Replication, this variable must be set to XXHASH64 because the process
# of extracting the writes from a transaction is required for conflict detection on all
# group members.
# transaction_write_set_extraction
lower_case_table_names=1

# The maximum amount of concurrent sessions the MySQL server will
# allow. One of these connections will be reserved for a user with
# SUPER privileges to allow the administrator to login even if the
# connection limit has been reached.
max_connections=151

# The number of open tables for all threads. Increasing this value
# increases the number of file descriptors that mysqld requires.
# Therefore you have to make sure to set the amount of open files
# allowed to at least 4096 in the variable "open-files-limit" in
# section [mysqld_safe]
table_open_cache=2000

# Maximum size for internal (in-memory) temporary tables. If a table
# grows larger than this value, it is automatically converted to disk
# based table This limitation is for a single table. There can be many
# of them.
tmp_table_size=19M

# How many threads we should keep in a cache for reuse. When a client
# disconnects, the client's threads are put in the cache if there aren't
# more than thread_cache_size threads from before.  This greatly reduces
# the amount of thread creations n