Redistribute/Route-map

最新推荐文章于 2023-11-12 09:46:46 发布

tjjingpan

最新推荐文章于 2023-11-12 09:46:46 发布

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Using Multiple IP Routing Protocols

Using Seed Metrics

Use the default-metric command to establish the seed metric

for the route or specify the metric when redistributing.

Once a compatible metric is established,the metric will

increase in increments just like any other route.

Seed Metrics

Default Seed Metrics

Protocol Default Seed Metric

RIP infinity

IGRP/EIGRP infinity

OSPF 20 for all except

BGP,which is 1

IS-IS 0

BGP BGP metirc is set

to IGP metric value.

R1(config-router)#redistribute ospf 110

R2没有R3的路由，说明重分布到rip中metric

无穷大

R1(config-router)#redistribute ospf 110 metric 1

R2有到R3的路由

Gateway of last resort is not set

2.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 2.2.2.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0

L 2.2.2.2/32 is directly connected, Loopback0

R 3.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 12.1.1.1, 00:00:21, Serial2/0

12.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C 12.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0

L 12.1.1.2/32 is directly connected, Serial2/0

R 13.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 12.1.1.1, 00:00:21, Serial2/0

A->B

Static->B

Connect->B

重分布静态

在R1上增加一条默认静态路由指向200.1.1.2

R1(config-router)#redistribute static

重分布静态不需要加metric值

R2上路由

R* 0.0.0.0/0 [120/1] via 12.1.1.1, 00:00:01, Serial2/0
2.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 2.2.2.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
L 2.2.2.2/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
R 3.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 12.1.1.1, 00:00:01, Serial2/0
12.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 12.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0
L 12.1.1.2/32 is directly connected, Serial2/0
R 13.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 12.1.1.1, 00:00:01, Serial2/0

重分布直连

R1(config-router)#redistribute connected

R2上的路由

R* 0.0.0.0/0 [120/1] via 12.1.1.1, 00:00:11, Serial2/0
2.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 2.2.2.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
L 2.2.2.2/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
R 3.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 12.1.1.1, 00:00:11, Serial2/0
12.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 12.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0
L 12.1.1.2/32 is directly connected, Serial2/0
R 13.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 12.1.1.1, 00:00:11, Serial2/0
R 200.1.1.0/24 [120/1] via 12.1.1.1, 00:00:11, Serial2/0

RIP路由重分布到OSPF中

R1(config-router)#redistribute rip
% Only classful networks will be redistributed

R3 路由表

O E2 2.0.0.0/8 [110/20] via 13.1.1.1, 00:00:13, Serial2/1
3.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 3.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
L 3.3.3.3/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
13.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 13.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/1
L 13.1.1.3/32 is directly connected, Serial2/1

R1(config-router)#redistribute rip subnets

R3路由表

O E2 2.0.0.0/8 [110/20] via 13.1.1.1, 00:11:45, Serial2/1
3.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 3.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
L 3.3.3.3/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 12.1.1.0 [110/20] via 13.1.1.1, 00:00:17, Serial2/1
13.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 13.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/1
L 13.1.1.3/32 is directly connected, Serial2/1

静态路由重分布到OSPF中

不能将默认静态路由重分布到OSPF中，这是距离矢量和链接状态路由协议的根本区别

其它静态路由可以。

R1上的配置router ospf 110
router-id 1.1.1.1
redistribute static subnets
redistribute rip subnets
network 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
router rip
redistribute connected
redistribute static
redistribute ospf 110 metric 1
redistribute ospf 1
network 12.0.0.0
no auto-summary
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Ethernet0/0
ip route 9.9.9.0 255.255.255.0 Ethernet0/0

R3上路由没有默认路由
O E2 2.0.0.0/8 [110/20] via 13.1.1.1, 00:25:40, Serial2/1
3.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 3.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
L 3.3.3.3/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
9.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 9.9.9.0 [110/20] via 13.1.1.1, 00:00:04, Serial2/1
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 12.1.1.0 [110/20] via 13.1.1.1, 00:14:12, Serial2/1
13.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 13.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/1
L 13.1.1.3/32 is directly connected, Serial2/1

重分布直连接口

R1（config)router ospf 110

R1(config-router)#redistribute connected subnets

R3上的路由

O E2 2.0.0.0/8 [110/20] via 13.1.1.1, 00:31:12, Serial2/1
3.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 3.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
L 3.3.3.3/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
9.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 9.9.9.0 [110/20] via 13.1.1.1, 00:05:36, Serial2/1
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 12.1.1.0 [110/20] via 13.1.1.1, 00:19:44, Serial2/1
13.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 13.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/1
L 13.1.1.3/32 is directly connected, Serial2/1
O E2 200.1.1.0/24 [110/20] via 13.1.1.1, 00:00:05, Serial2/1

————————————————————————————————————————

R1上的配置

interface Serial2/0
ip address 13.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
ip router isis
serial restart-delay 0

router eigrp 90
network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
!
router isis
net 49.0001.1111.1111.1111.00
log-adjacency-changes all

R2上的配置

interface Loopback0
ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0

interface Serial2/0
ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
serial restart-delay 0

router eigrp 90
network 2.2.2.0 0.0.0.255
network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

R3上的配置

interface Loopback0
ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0
ip router isis

interface Serial2/1
ip address 13.1.1.3 255.255.255.0
ip router isis
serial restart-delay 0

router isis
net 49.0001.3333.3333.3333.00

R1上的路由

     2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D        2.2.2.0 [90/2297856] via 12.1.1.2, 00:08:00, Serial2/1
      3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L1     3.3.3.0 [115/20] via 13.1.1.3, 00:00:03, Serial2/0
      12.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        12.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/1
L        12.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, Serial2/1
      13.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        13.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0
L        13.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, Serial2/0

ISIS重分布到EIGEP中

R1(config)#router eigrp 90

R1(config-router)#redistribute isis level-1-2 metric 1500 100 255 1 1500

R2上的路由
2.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 2.2.2.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
L 2.2.2.2/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D EX 3.3.3.0 [170/2244096] via 12.1.1.1, 00:00:08, Serial2/0
12.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 12.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0
L 12.1.1.2/32 is directly connected, Serial2/0

ISIS的一个BUG

将IS-IS 重分布到任何协议中，运行 IS-IS直连路由不会重分布中去。

重分布直连

R1(config-router)#redistribute connected

R2上的路由
2.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 2.2.2.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
L 2.2.2.2/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D EX 3.3.3.0 [170/2244096] via 12.1.1.1, 00:07:18, Serial2/0
12.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 12.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0
L 12.1.1.2/32 is directly connected, Serial2/0
13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D EX 13.1.1.0 [170/2681856] via 12.1.1.1, 00:01:14, Serial2/0

R2#show ip eigrp topology 13.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
EIGRP-IPv4 Topology Entry for AS(90)/ID(2.2.2.2) for 13.1.1.0/24
State is Passive, Query origin flag is 1, 1 Successor(s), FD is 2681856
Descriptor Blocks:
12.1.1.1 (Serial2/0), from 12.1.1.1, Send flag is 0x0
      Composite metric is (2681856/2169856), route is External
      Vector metric:
        Minimum bandwidth is 1544 Kbit
        Total delay is 40000 microseconds
        Reliability is 255/255
        Load is 1/255
        Minimum MTU is 1500
        Hop count is 1
        Originating router is 13.1.1.1
      External data:
        AS number of route is 0
        External protocol is Connected, external metric is 0
        Administrator tag is 0 (0x00000000)

重分布静态

R1(config)#int e0/0
R1(config-if)#ip add 200.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 ethernet 0/0

R1(config)#ip route 9.9.9.0 255.255.255.0 e0/0

R1(config-router)#redistribute static

D EX 0.0.0.0/24 [170/2195456] via 12.1.1.1, 00:00:05, Serial2/0
2.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 2.2.2.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
L 2.2.2.2/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D EX 3.3.3.0 [170/2244096] via 12.1.1.1, 00:15:10, Serial2/0
9.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D EX 9.9.9.0 [170/2195456] via 12.1.1.1, 00:00:05, Serial2/0
12.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 12.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0
L 12.1.1.2/32 is directly connected, Serial2/0
13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D EX 13.1.1.0 [170/2681856] via 12.1.1.1, 00:09:06, Serial2/0
D EX 200.1.1.0/24 [170/2195456] via 12.1.1.1, 00:03:11, Serial2/0

EIGRP重分布到ISIS中

R1(config)#router isis

R1(config-router)#redistribute eigrp 90

R3上的路由
2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L2 2.2.2.0 [115/10] via 13.1.1.1, 00:00:02, Serial2/1
3.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 3.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
L 3.3.3.3/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L2 12.1.1.0 [115/10] via 13.1.1.1, 00:00:02, Serial2/1
13.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 13.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/1
L 13.1.1.3/32 is directly connected, Serial2/1

重分布静态

R1(config-router)#redistribute static ip

2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L2 2.2.2.0 [115/10] via 13.1.1.1, 00:03:42, Serial2/1
3.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 3.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
L 3.3.3.3/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
9.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L2 9.9.9.0 [115/10] via 13.1.1.1, 00:00:00, Serial2/1
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L2 12.1.1.0 [115/10] via 13.1.1.1, 00:03:42, Serial2/1
13.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 13.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/1
L 13.1.1.3/32 is directly connected, Serial2/1

重分布直连

R1(config-router)#redistribute connected

2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L2 2.2.2.0 [115/10] via 13.1.1.1, 00:05:34, Serial2/1
3.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 3.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
L 3.3.3.3/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
9.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L2 9.9.9.0 [115/10] via 13.1.1.1, 00:01:52, Serial2/1
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L2 12.1.1.0 [115/10] via 13.1.1.1, 00:05:34, Serial2/1
13.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 13.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/1
L 13.1.1.3/32 is directly connected, Serial2/1
i L2 200.1.1.0/24 [115/10] via 13.1.1.1, 00:00:03, Serial2/1

——————————————————————————————————————————————

R1上的配置

interface Serial2/0
ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial2/1
ip address 13.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial2/2
ip address 14.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
serial restart-delay 0

router eigrp 90
network 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
redistribute ospf 110 metric 1500 100 255 1 1500
!
router ospf 110
router-id 1.1.1.1
redistribute rip subnets
network 14.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
router rip
version 2
network 12.0.0.0
no auto-summary

R3上的路由
3.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 3.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
L 3.3.3.3/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D EX 4.4.4.4 [170/2244096] via 13.1.1.1, 00:01:58, Serial2/0
13.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 13.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0
L 13.1.1.3/32 is directly connected, Serial2/0
14.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D EX 14.1.1.0 [170/2244096] via 13.1.1.1, 00:01:58, Serial2/0

重分布结论

在一台路由器上，将A协议重分布到B协议中

将所有运行A协议的接口（除了ISIS/CDR）

以及所有学习到了的A协议路由

重分布到B协议中

分发列表(distribute-list)

控制层

R4上只允许4.4.4.0的路由，14.1.1.0过滤掉。

R1(config)#access-list 4 permit 4.4.4.4

R1(config)#router eigrp 90

R1(config-router)#distribute-list 4 out s2/1

R3上的路由，一条D EX路由
3.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 3.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
L 3.3.3.3/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D EX 4.4.4.4 [170/2244096] via 13.1.1.1, 00:21:54, Serial2/0
13.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 13.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0
L 13.1.1.3/32 is directly connected, Serial2/0

在路由重分布的时候，过滤路由，对R1性能会更好。

R1#show run | begin r e
router eigrp 90
distribute-list 4 out ospf 110
network 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
redistribute ospf 110 metric 1500 100 255 1 1500

R3上路由
3.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 3.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
L 3.3.3.3/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D EX 4.4.4.4 [170/2244096] via 13.1.1.1, 00:27:55, Serial2/0
13.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 13.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0
L 13.1.1.3/32 is directly connected, Serial2/0

Prefix-List:

ACL,Prefix-List

ACL:哪些地方调用，通过接口，或distributelist,数据包，路由

Prefix-List:只能抓路由

2.2.2.0/24

2.2.2.0/25 ----------> RIP

2.2.2.0/26

access-list 1 permit 2.2.20 0.0.0.255 只能控制2.2.2.0/24

R2(config)#ip prefix-list 1 permit 2.2.2.0/24

意义：1、网络号;必须是2.2.2.0

2、掩码必须是24位

R2(config)#ip prefix-list 1 permit 2.2.2.0/24 le 32

意义：1、网络号;必须是2.2.2.0

2、掩码必须是24到32位之间

R2(config)#ip prefix-list 1 permit 2.2.2.0/24 ge 26

意义：1、网络号;必须是2.2.2.0

2、掩码必须是26到32位之间

R2(config)#ip prefix-list 1 permit 2.2.2.0/24 ge 26 le 30

意义：1、网络号;必须是2.2.2.0

2、掩码必须是26到30位之间

ip prefix-list 1 permit 0.0.0.0/0 le 32

意义：所有路由

只允许14.1.1.0/24路由通过

R1(config)#ip prefix-list 1 permit 14.1.1.0/24

R1(config)#router eigrp 90
R1(config-router)#distribute-list prefix 1 out s2/1

R3上的路由
3.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 3.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
L 3.3.3.3/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
13.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 13.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0
L 13.1.1.3/32 is directly connected, Serial2/0
14.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D EX 14.1.1.0 [170/2244096] via 13.1.1.1, 00:00:18, Serial2/0

Route Maps

Route maps are similar to a scripting language for these reasons:

They work like a more sophisticated access list

They offer top-down processing.

Once threr is a match ,leave the route map.

Lines are sequence -numbered for easier editing.

Insertion of lines

Deletion of lines

Router maps are named rather than numbered for easier

documentation.

Match criteria and set criteria can be used,similar to the "if,then" logic in a scriptin language.

Route Map Applications

The common uses of route maps are as follows:

*Redistribution route filtering:a more sopisticated

alternative to distribute lists

*Policy-based routing:the abillty to determine routing policy

based on criteria other than the destinationnetwork

* BGP policy implementation:the primary tool for defining
BGP routing policies.

R4上的路由
2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2     2.2.2.0 [110/20] via 14.1.1.1, 00:11:20, Serial2/1
8.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2     8.8.8.0 [110/20] via 14.1.1.1, 00:00:13, Serial2/1
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2     12.1.1.0 [110/20] via 14.1.1.1, 00:11:46, Serial2/1
14.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 14.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/1
L 14.1.1.4/32 is directly connected, Serial2/1

需求

1、3.3.3 .0/24 E2改成 E1

2、8.8.8.0 seed cost 改成10

3、过滤12.1.1.0路由

R1上的配置

ip prefix-list 8 seq 5 permit 8.8.8.0/24
!
route-map R permit 10
match ip address 2
set metric-type type-1
!
route-map R permit 20
match ip address prefix-list 8
set metric 10
!
!
access-list 2 permit 2.2.2.0

R1(config)#router ospf 110

R1(config-router)#redistribute rip subnets route-map R

R4上的路由

2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E1 2.2.2.0 [110/84] via 14.1.1.1, 00:01:25, Serial2/1
8.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 8.8.8.0 [110/10] via 14.1.1.1, 00:00:32, Serial2/1
14.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 14.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/1
L 14.1.1.4/32 is directly connected, Serial2/1

R1(config)#route-map R permit 30

空Route-map

match any

set nothing

R4上的路由

2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E1 2.2.2.0 [110/84] via 14.1.1.1, 00:07:44, Serial2/1
8.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 8.8.8.0 [110/10] via 14.1.1.1, 00:06:51, Serial2/1
12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 12.1.1.0 [110/20] via 14.1.1.1, 00:01:23, Serial2/1
14.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 14.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/1
L 14.1.1.4/32 is directly connected, Serial2/1

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双点双向重分布

R4(config-router)#distance 121 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0

R1(config-router)#distance 121 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0