思科 路由重分布lab实验学习笔记

实验拓扑

基本配置

R1

Router>en
Router#conf terminal 
Router(config)#hostname R1

interface e0/0
 ip address 13.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
 no sh

interface e0/1
 ip address 12.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
  no sh

interface e0/2
 ip address 15.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
 no sh

interface e0/3
 ip address 14.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
  no sh

R2

en
conf terminal 
hostname R2

interface e0/0
 ip address 12.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
 no sh

interface loopback 0
 ip address 172.16.0.2 255.255.255.0
 no sh
 
interface loopback 1
 ip address 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.0
 no sh
 
interface loopback 2
 ip address 172.16.2.2 255.255.255.0
 no sh
 
interface loopback 3
 ip address 172.16.3.2 255.255.255.0
 no sh
 

R3

en
conf terminal 
hostname R3

interface e0/0
 ip address 13.0.0.3 255.255.255.0
 no sh
 
interface loopback 4
 ip address 172.16.4.3 255.255.255.0
 no sh
 
interface loopback 5
 ip address 172.16.5.3 255.255.255.0
 no sh
 
interface loopback 6
 ip address 172.16.6.3 255.255.255.0
 no sh
 
interface loopback 7
 ip address 172.16.7.3 255.255.255.0
 no sh
 

R4

en
conf terminal 
hostname R4

interface e0/0
 ip address 14.0.0.4 255.255.255.0
 no sh
 
interface e0/1
 ip address 46.0.0.4 255.255.255.0
 no sh

R5

en
conf terminal 
hostname R5

interface e0/0
 ip address 15.0.0.5 255.255.255.0
 no sh
 
interface loopback 5
 ip address 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.0
 no sh

R6

en
conf terminal 
hostname R6

interface e0/0
 ip address 46.0.0.6 255.255.255.0
 no sh

配置路由协议

R1

router rip
 no au
 ver 2
 net 12.0.0.0
    
router eigrp 1
 no au
 net 13.0.0.0
    
router ospf 1
 router-id 1. 1. 1.1
 net 14.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 a 0
    
ip route 5.5.5.0 255.255.255.0 15.0.0.5 //配置静态路由到R5

R2

router rip
 version 2
 no auto
 net 12.0.0.0
 net 172.16.0.0
 //rip 在宣告的时候不需要打反掩码，只需要打主类

R3

router eigrp 1
 no auto
 net 13.0.0.0
 net 172.16.0.0

R4

router ospf 1
 router-id 4.4.4.4
 net 14.0.0.4 0.0.0.0 a 0
 net 46.0.0.4 0.0.0.0 a 0
    //R4要宣告两个接口 

R5

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 15.0.0.1

R6

router ospf 1
 router-id 6.6.6.6
 net 46.0.0.6 0.0.0.0 a 0

---

检验

此时R1的路由表

R1#sh ip route 

R1 现在拥有所有的路由

R1#ping 46.0.0.6
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 46.0.0.6, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms
R1#ping 5.5.5.5
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 5.5.5.5, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms
R1#ping 172.16.5.3
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.5.3, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms
// R1现在ping其他ip地址都是可以通的

但是路由协议不兼容，R2的路由表只有直连，没有其他路由。

其他路由器也是一样，学不到其他协议的路由

配置路由重分发

RIP的路由注入到EIGRP中

// 在R1上面配置

R1(config)#router eigrp 1

R1(config-router)#redistribute rip  //把rip 注入到EIGRP

但是R3还是学不到路由(EIGRP的种子度量值是无穷大)

R3# sh ip route eigrp 

Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
a - application route
+ - replicated route, % - next hop override

Gateway of last resort is not set

所以注入路由时时要加上eigrp的度量值

redistribute rip/ospf 1 metric 100000 10 255 1 1500
//  							带宽   延迟 可靠性 负载 MTU

度量值要写被注入的接口的参数（实验中为R1的e0/1接口）、

R1# sh int e0/1
Ethernet0/1 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is AmdP2, address is aabb.cc00.1010 (bia aabb.cc00.1010)
Internet address is 12.0.0.1/24
MTU 1500 bytes（最大传输单元）, BW 10000 Kbit/sec(带宽), DLY 1000 usec,（延迟）**
reliability 255/255（可靠性）, txload 1/255（负载）, rxload 1/255**
Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set
…

R1(config-router)#redistribute rip metric 1000 100 255 1 1500 
//根据上面的信息配置度量值

此时R3已经能学到路由了

把ospf注入到eigrp

同样在R1上面配置

R1(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1 metric 1000 100 255 1 1500

R3上面能学到ospf的路由了

把其他协议注入到RIP

R1(config-router)#redistribute eigrp 1 metric ?
  <0-16>       Default metric //RIP的度量值只有条数
  transparent  Transparently redistribute metric
 // 注入时不加参数依旧没有用 

R1(config-router)#redistribute eigrp 1 metric 1

R2 上面可以学到eigrp注入的路由

R1(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1 metric 5
    //把ospf注入的路由度量值为5

把路由注入到ospf

R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#redistribute rip //注入rip
R1(config-router)#redistribute eigrp 1 //注入 eigrp
    //注入的开销都为20

参看R4是否学到路由

R4#sh ip route ospf

//我现在已经都学到了,但是老师说默认注入不加参数只能注入主类路由.不知道是不是系统版本问题.

注入近ospf的命令:

redistribute rip/eigrp/ospf 2 metric 1 metric-type 1 subnets
//    `							度量值  外部类型  子网路由
!默认注入主类路由,加上subnets可以注入子网路由(一定要加) !  

R1(config-router)#redistribute rip subnets 
R1(config-router)#redistribute eigrp 1 subnets 
    //加上subnets 参数查看效果(但是没啥效果好像不加也可以)

R6 也学到了注入的路由

但是R6的接口开销也是20

//因为ospf默认注入的类型是E2 开销为20 E2不计算内部开销,

可以修改外部路由的类型,命令如下:

R1(config-router)#redistribute rip subnets metric-type ?
  1  Set OSPF External Type 1 metrics
  2  Set OSPF External Type 2 metrics

把注入的rip类型改成1

R1(config-router)#redistribute rip subnets metric-type 1

查看R4 和R6 ospf路由表:

上图显示注入的rip路由开始计算内部开销了

也可以在注入时修改度量值

R1(config-router)#redistribute rip subnets metric 50  metric-type 1
    //这条命令即引入了子网,又改了度量值 还修改了路由类型

直连路由注入rip EIGRP OSPF

R1(config)#router rip
R1(config-router)#redistribute connected ?
  metric     Metric for redistributed routes //
  route-map  Route map reference
  <cr>
//不修改修改度量值默认是1 也可以手动修改度量值
R1(config-router)#redistribute connected

R1(config-router)#redistribute connected metric 8
    //修改注入直连路由的度量值为8 其他的直连路由的度量值也会跟着改变,下图.

重新发布直连和静态

RIP

R1(config)#router rip 
R1(config-router)#redistribute static 
R1(config-router)#redistribute static ?
  metric     Metric for redistributed routes
  route-map  Route map reference
  <cr>
 //同样也可以修改度量值

R2学到了5.5.5.0

EIGRP

R1(config)#router EIGrp 1
R1(config-router)#redistribute connected 
R1(config-router)#redistribute static 
    
//同样可以不用添加参数

可以学到静态和直连路由

ospf

R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#redistribute connected subnets 
R1(config-router)#redistribute static subnets 
    //需要加上引入子网

R4 R6都已经学到路由了

---

修改默认种子度量值

修改默认种子度量值就不用每次引入都下该参数了

ospf

R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#default-metric ?
  <1-16777214>  OSPF default metric //开销

EIGRP

R1(config)#router eigrp 1
R1(config-router)#default-metric ?
  <1-4294967295>  Bandwidth in Kbits per second //接口参数

rip

R1(config)#router rip
R1(config-router)#default-metric ?
  <1-4294967295>  Default metric  跳数

---

完成实验要求的配置[总结]

实验要求

配置路由协议:
R1和R3: EIGRP, ID5认证，禁止向R3发送查
R1和R4和R6: 0SPF
R1和R5:静态到达5网段

配置路由重分发:
RIP:度量值为5跳
EIGRP:度量值为快速以太网口默认值
0SPF:度量值为64，并且需要计算内部开销

全网通

R1配置

R1:
router rip
version 2
no auto
net 12.0.0.0
redistribute eigrp 1 metric 5
redistribute ospf 1 netric 5
redistribute connected subnets
redistribute static subnets

router eigrp 1
no auto
net13.0.0.0
redistribute rip metric 100000 10 255 1 1500
redistribute ospf 1 netric 100000 10 255 1 1500
redistribute connected subnets
redistribute static subnets

router ospf 1
router-id 1.1.1.1
net 14.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 a 0
redistribute rip subnets netric 64 netric-type 1
redistribute eigrp 1 subnets metric 64 metric-type 1
redistribute connected subnets
redistribute static subnets