opencv色彩空间转换，提取单通道，直方图等示例

IplImage* colorImg=cvLoadImage("Desert.jpg");
 cvNamedWindow("Color",CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
 cvShowImage("Color",colorImg);
 
 
 
 IplImage* grayImg = cvCreateImage(cvSize(colorImg->width,colorImg->height),8,1); 
 for(int i = 0;i < colorImg->height;i ++)
  for(int j = 0;j < colorImg->width;j ++)
  {
   double k = 0;
   k += ((unsigned char*) (colorImg->imageData))[i * colorImg->widthStep + j * 3] * 0.114;
   k += ((unsigned char*) (colorImg->imageData))[i * colorImg->widthStep + j * 3 + 1] * 0.587;
   k += ((unsigned char*) (colorImg->imageData))[i * colorImg->widthStep + j * 3 + 2] * 0.299;
   ((unsigned char*) (grayImg->imageData))[i * grayImg->widthStep + j] = (int)k;
  }
 
 
 
 IplImage* hsv = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(colorImg),8,3);
 cvCvtColor(colorImg,hsv,CV_BGR2HSV);        //色彩空间转换->HSV
 IplImage* h_plane = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(colorImg),8,1);
 IplImage* s_plane = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(colorImg),8,1);
 IplImage* v_plane = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(colorImg),8,1);
 IplImage* planes[] = {h_plane,s_plane};
 cvCvtPixToPlane(hsv,h_plane,s_plane,v_plane,0);      //提取各个通道
 int h_bins = 32,s_bins = 30;
 CvHistogram* hist;
 {
  int hist_size[] = {h_bins,s_bins};
  float h_ranges[] = {0,180};    //hue is [0,180]
  float s_ranges[] = {0,255};
  float* ranges[] = {h_ranges,s_ranges};
  hist = cvCreateHist(2,hist_size,CV_HIST_ARRAY,ranges,1);
 }
 cvCalcHist(planes,hist,0,0);   //compute histogram
 cvNormalizeHist(hist,1.0);
 //Create an image to use to visualize our histogram
 int scale = 10;
 IplImage* hist_img = cvCreateImage(cvSize(h_bins * scale,s_bins * scale),8,3);
 cvZero(hist_img);
 //populate our visualization with little gray squares
 float max_value = 0;
 cvGetMinMaxHistValue(hist,0,&max_value,0,0);
 for(int h = 0;h < h_bins;h ++)
 {
  for(int s = 0;s < s_bins;s ++)
  {
   float bin_val = cvQueryHistValue_2D(hist,h,s);
   int intensity = cvRound(bin_val * 255 / max_value);
   cvRectangle(hist_img,cvPoint(h * scale,0),cvPoint((h + 1) * scale - 1,(s + 1) * scale - 1),CV_RGB(intensity,intensity,intensity),CV_FILLED);
  }
 }
 cvNamedWindow("H-S Histogram",CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
 cvShowImage("H-S Histogram",hist_img);
 cvNamedWindow("hsv",CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
 cvShowImage("hsv",hsv);
 cvNamedWindow("h_plane",CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
 cvShowImage("h_plane",h_plane);
 cvNamedWindow("s_plane",CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
 cvShowImage("s_plane",s_plane);
 cvNamedWindow("v_plane",CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
 cvShowImage("v_plane",v_plane);

 cvNamedWindow("Gray",CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE); 
 cvShowImage("Gray",grayImg);

 cvWaitKey(0);
 cvReleaseImage(&hist_img);
 cvDestroyWindow("H-S Histogram");
 
 cvReleaseImage(&grayImg);
 cvDestroyWindow("Gray");
 
 cvReleaseImage(&hsv);
 cvDestroyWindow("hsv");
 cvReleaseImage(&h_plane);
 cvDestroyWindow("h_plane");
 cvReleaseImage(&s_plane);
 cvDestroyWindow("s_plane");
 cvReleaseImage(&v_plane);
 cvDestroyWindow("v_plane");
 

 //rgb单通道提取并显示
 IplImage* rImg = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(colorImg),8,1);
 IplImage* gImg = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(colorImg),8,1);
 IplImage* bImg = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(colorImg),8,1);
 cvSplit(colorImg,rImg,gImg,bImg,0);
 cvNamedWindow("red",1);
 cvNamedWindow("green",1);
 cvNamedWindow("blue",1);
 cvShowImage("red",rImg);
 cvShowImage("green",gImg);
 cvShowImage("blue",bImg);

//rgb单通道转三通道显示
 IplImage* rImg3 = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(colorImg),8,3);
 IplImage* gImg3 = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(colorImg),8,3);
 IplImage* bImg3 = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(colorImg),8,3);
 cvSetZero(rImg3);
 cvSetZero(gImg3);
 cvSetZero(bImg3);

 cvMerge(0,0,rImg,0,rImg3);
 cvMerge(0,gImg,0,0,gImg3);
 cvMerge(bImg,0,0,0,bImg3);
 cvNamedWindow("rImg3",1);
 cvShowImage("rImg3",rImg3);
 cvNamedWindow("gImg3",1);
 cvShowImage("gImg3",gImg3);
 cvNamedWindow("bImg3",1);
 cvShowImage("bImg3",bImg3);
 cvWaitKey(0);