[LeetCode] 385. Mini Parser @ python

一．题目：
给了一个字符串表示的列表，返回一个NestedInteger形式的列表，其每个元素都是NestedInteger形式的整数对象。
Example 1:

Given s = "324",
You should return a NestedInteger object which contains a single integer 324.

Example 2:

Given s = "[123,[456,[789]]]",

Return a NestedInteger object containing a nested list with 2 elements:

1. An integer containing value 123.
2. A nested list containing two elements:
    i.  An integer containing value 456.
    ii. A nested list with one element:
         a. An integer containing value 789.

二．解题思路：
对于这种嵌套的数据结构，我们常用迭代或者递归的方式求解．
对于递归，需要注意的是，递归的出口是字符串为空或者字符串为[ ]或者字符串只包含数字这三种情况．递归的代码如下：

# """
# This is the interface that allows for creating nested lists.
# You should not implement it, or speculate about its implementation
# """
#class NestedInteger(object):
#    def __init__(self, value=None):
#        """
#        If value is not specified, initializes an empty list.
#        Otherwise initializes a single integer equal to value.
#        """
#
#    def isInteger(self):
#        """
#        @return True if this NestedInteger holds a single integer, rather than a nested list.
#        :rtype bool
#        """
#
#    def add(self, elem):
#        """
#        Set this NestedInteger to hold a nested list and adds a nested integer elem to it.
#        :rtype void
#        """
#
#    def setInteger(self, value):
#        """
#        Set this NestedInteger to hold a single integer equal to value.
#        :rtype void
#        """
#
#    def getInteger(self):
#        """
#        @return the single integer that this NestedInteger holds, if it holds a single integer
#        Return None if this NestedInteger holds a nested list
#        :rtype int
#        """
#
#    def getList(self):
#        """
#        @return the nested list that this NestedInteger holds, if it holds a nested list
#        Return None if this NestedInteger holds a single integer
#        :rtype List[NestedInteger]
#        """

class Solution(object):
    def deserialize(self, s):
        """
        :type s: str
        :rtype: NestedInteger
        """
        if not s:
            return NestedInteger()
        if s[0]!="[":
            return NestedInteger(int(s))
        if s== "[]":
            return NestedInteger()
        result = NestedInteger()
        cnt = 0
        start = 1
        for i in range(1,len(s)):
            if cnt ==0 and (s[i]=="," or i == len(s)-1):
                result.add(self.deserialize(s[start:i]))
                start = i+1
            elif s[i] == "[":
                cnt +=1
            elif s[i] == "]":
                cnt -=1
        return result

还有一种递归的方式，直接使用python的eval函数如下：

def deserialize(self, s):
    def nestedInteger(x):
        if isinstance(x, int):
            return NestedInteger(x)
        lst = NestedInteger()
        for y in x:
            lst.add(nestedInteger(y))
        return lst
    return nestedInteger(eval(s))

当然这道题也可以用迭代的方法去实现．