Linux安装Apache(解压版)

1. 安装依赖

   yum -y install gcc perl wget make pcre-devel openssl-devel expat-devel

2. 安装目录

   mkdir /opt/apache && cd /opt/apache

3. 安装包下载

   wget https://dlcdn.apache.org/apr/apr-1.7.0.tar.gz --no-check-certificate
   wget https://dlcdn.apache.org/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz --no-check-certificate
   wget https://github.com/PCRE2Project/pcre2/releases/download/pcre2-10.40/pcre2-10.40.tar.gz --no-check-certificate
   wget https://dlcdn.apache.org/httpd/httpd-2.4.54.tar.gz --no-check-certificate
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   版本更新可能导致下载失败，需要到如下路径查看可用版本：
   https://dlcdn.apache.org/apr --> apr-xxxx.tar.gz、apr-util-xxxx.tar.gz
   https://github.com/PCRE2Project/pcre2/releases --> pcre2-xxxx.tar.gz
   https://dlcdn.apache.org/httpd --> httpd-xxxx.tar.gz

4. 安装包解压

   ls *.tar.gz | xargs -n1 tar zxvf && rm -rf *.tar.gz

5. APR安装

   cd /opt/apache/apr-1.7.0 && ./configure --prefix=/opt/apache/apr-1.7.0 && make && make install

6. APR-Util安装

   cd /opt/apache/apr-util-1.6.1 && ./configure --prefix=/opt/apache/apr-util-1.6.1 \
   --with-apr=/opt/apache/apr-1.7.0 && make && make install

7. PCRE安装

   cd /opt/apache/pcre2-10.40 && ./configure --prefix=/opt/apache/pcre2-10.40 && make && make install

8. Apache安装

   cd /opt/apache/httpd-2.4.54 && ./configure --prefix=/opt/apache/httpd-2.4.54 \
   --with-apr=/opt/apache/apr-1.7.0 --with-apr-util=/opt/apache/apr-util-1.6.1 \
   --with-pcre=/opt/apache/pcre2-10.40/bin/pcre2-config && make && make install
9. 环境变量

   echo "export HTTPD_HOME=/opt/apache/httpd-2.4.54" >> /etc/profile
   echo "export PATH=\$HTTPD_HOME/bin:\$PATH" >> /etc/profile
   source /etc/profile

10. 卸载旧版本

    yum -y remove httpd

11. 查看新版本

    httpd -v

12. 常用命令

    启动|重启|关闭：httpd -k start|restart|stop
    查看：ps -ef|grep httpd

13. Apache配置

    1.编辑：/opt/apache/httpd-2.4.54/conf/httpd.conf
    # 访问端口
    Listen 8686
    # 192.168.1.97为虚拟机ip地址
    ServerName 192.168.1.97:8686
    LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
    LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
    LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so
    LoadModule lbmethod_byrequests_module modules/mod_lbmethod_byrequests.so
    LoadModule lbmethod_bytraffic_module modules/mod_lbmethod_bytraffic.so
    LoadModule lbmethod_bybusyness_module modules/mod_lbmethod_bybusyness.so
    LoadModule lbmethod_heartbeat_module modules/mod_lbmethod_heartbeat.so
    LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules/mod_slotmem_shm.so
    
    2.重启Apache：httpd -k restart
    
    3.防火墙打开端口权限：firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8686/tcp --permanent && firewall-cmd --reload

14. Apache访问(http://192.168.1.97:8686)
    

15. 反向代理与负载均衡(Apache反向代理&负载均衡)

    1.虚拟机Apache访问主机Tomcat要求虚拟机能够ping通主机ip
    虚拟机无法ping通主机ip-->主机启用防火墙入站规则-->文件和打印机共享(回显请求 - ICMPv4-In) "专用、公用"
    
    2.主机防火墙添加端口入站规则-->8181、8282、8383
    
    3.反向代理配置(重启Apache)
    ProxyPass "/"  "http://192.168.1.94:8181/"
    ProxyPassReverse "/"  "http://192.168.1.94:8181/"
    
    4.负载均衡配置(重启Apache)
    <Proxy balancer://tomcats>
        # Tomcat8欢迎页
        BalancerMember http://192.168.1.94:8181 loadfactor=1 timeout=5
        # Tomcat9欢迎页
        BalancerMember http://192.168.1.94:8282 loadfactor=2 timeout=5
        # Tomcat10欢迎页
    	BalancerMember http://192.168.1.94:8383 loadfactor=3 timeout=5
        ProxySet lbmethod=bytraffic
    </Proxy>
    ProxyPass "/"  "balancer://tomcats/"
    ProxyPassReverse "/"  "balancer://tomcats/"
    
    解释说明：
    主机浏览器访问虚拟机Apache，虚拟机Apache将请求转发到主机Tomcat，主机Tomcat将数据返给虚拟机Apache，
    虚拟机Apache将数据返给主机浏览器，在实际应用中虚拟机Apache将请求转发给指定业务服务器获取业务数据