本以为这篇搜集整理的代码会是很不错的文章,花了一天时间,搜索到最后居然出来一篇叫做"C# 与 C++ 数据类型对照表"的文章.几乎囊括掉和大部分的数据了,太打击我了. 本文中有部分的数据没有测试.也有一些不错的是看了上百篇网文对比整理得来的.希望有帮助.
- /C++中的DLL函数原型为
- //extern "C" __declspec(dllexport) bool 方法名一(const char* 变量名1, unsigned char* 变量名2)
- //extern "C" __declspec(dllexport) bool 方法名二(const unsigned char* 变量名1, char* 变量名2)
- //C#调用C++的DLL搜集整理的所有数据类型转换方式,可能会有重复或者多种方案,自己多测试
- //c++:HANDLE(void *) ---- c#:System.IntPtr
- //c++:Byte(unsigned char) ---- c#:System.Byte
- //c++:SHORT(short) ---- c#:System.Int16
- //c++:WORD(unsigned short) ---- c#:System.UInt16
- //c++:INT(int) ---- c#:System.Int16
- //c++:INT(int) ---- c#:System.Int32
- //c++:UINT(unsigned int) ---- c#:System.UInt16
- //c++:UINT(unsigned int) ---- c#:System.UInt32
- //c++:LONG(long) ---- c#:System.Int32
- //c++:ULONG(unsigned long) ---- c#:System.UInt32
- //c++:DWORD(unsigned long) ---- c#:System.UInt32
- //c++:DECIMAL ---- c#:System.Decimal
- //c++:BOOL(long) ---- c#:System.Boolean
- //c++:CHAR(char) ---- c#:System.Char
- //c++:LPSTR(char *) ---- c#:System.String
- //c++:LPWSTR(wchar_t *) ---- c#:System.String
- //c++:LPCSTR(const char *) ---- c#:System.String
- //c++:LPCWSTR(const wchar_t *) ---- c#:System.String
- //c++:PCAHR(char *) ---- c#:System.String
- //c++:BSTR ---- c#:System.String
- //c++:FLOAT(float) ---- c#:System.Single
- //c++:DOUBLE(double) ---- c#:System.Double
- //c++:VARIANT ---- c#:System.Object
- //c++:PBYTE(byte *) ---- c#:System.Byte[]
- //c++:BSTR ---- c#:StringBuilder
- //c++:LPCTSTR ---- c#:StringBuilder
- //c++:LPCTSTR ---- c#:string
- //c++:LPTSTR ---- c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] string
- //c++:LPTSTR 输出变量名 ---- c#:StringBuilder 输出变量名
- //c++:LPCWSTR ---- c#:IntPtr
- //c++:BOOL ---- c#:bool
- //c++:HMODULE ---- c#:IntPtr
- //c++:HINSTANCE ---- c#:IntPtr
- //c++:结构体 ---- c#:public struct 结构体{};
- //c++:结构体 **变量名 ---- c#:out 变量名 //C#中提前申明一个结构体实例化后的变量名
- //c++:结构体 &变量名 ---- c#:ref 结构体 变量名
- //c++:WORD ---- c#:ushort
- //c++:DWORD ---- c#:uint
- //c++:DWORD ---- c#:int
- //c++:UCHAR ---- c#:int
- //c++:UCHAR ---- c#:byte
- //c++:UCHAR* ---- c#:string
- //c++:UCHAR* ---- c#:IntPtr
- //c++:GUID ---- c#:Guid
- //c++:Handle ---- c#:IntPtr
- //c++:HWND ---- c#:IntPtr
- //c++:DWORD ---- c#:int
- //c++:COLORREF ---- c#:uint
- //c++:unsigned char ---- c#:byte
- //c++:unsigned char * ---- c#:ref byte
- //c++:unsigned char * ---- c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] byte[]
- //c++:unsigned char * ---- c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] Intptr
- //c++:unsigned char & ---- c#:ref byte
- //c++:unsigned char 变量名 ---- c#:byte 变量名
- //c++:unsigned short 变量名 ---- c#:ushort 变量名
- //c++:unsigned int 变量名 ---- c#:uint 变量名
- //c++:unsigned long 变量名 ---- c#:ulong 变量名
- //c++:char 变量名 ---- c#:byte 变量名 //C++中一个字符用一个字节表示,C#中一个字符用两个字节表示
- //c++:char 数组名[数组大小] ---- c#:MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 数组大小)] public string 数组名; ushort
- //c++:char * ---- c#:string //传入参数
- //c++:char * ---- c#:StringBuilder//传出参数
- //c++:char *变量名 ---- c#:ref string 变量名
- //c++:char *输入变量名 ---- c#:string 输入变量名
- //c++:char *输出变量名 ---- c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] StringBuilder 输出变量名
- //c++:char ** ---- c#:string
- //c++:char **变量名 ---- c#:ref string 变量名
- //c++:const char * ---- c#:string
- //c++:char[] ---- c#:string
- //c++:char 变量名[数组大小] ---- c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr,SizeConst=数组大小)] public string 变量名;
- //c++:struct 结构体名 *变量名 ---- c#:ref 结构体名 变量名
- //c++:委托 变量名 ---- c#:委托 变量名
- //c++:int ---- c#:int
- //c++:int ---- c#:ref int
- //c++:int & ---- c#:ref int
- //c++:int * ---- c#:ref int //C#中调用前需定义int 变量名 = 0;
- //c++:*int ---- c#:IntPtr
- //c++:int32 PIPTR * ---- c#:int32[]
- //c++:float PIPTR * ---- c#:float[]
- //c++:double** 数组名 ---- c#:ref double 数组名
- //c++:double*[] 数组名 ---- c#:ref double 数组名
- //c++:long ---- c#:int
- //c++:ulong ---- c#:int
- //c++:UINT8 * ---- c#:ref byte //C#中调用前需定义byte 变量名 = new byte();
- //c++:handle ---- c#:IntPtr
- //c++:hwnd ---- c#:IntPtr
- //c++:void * ---- c#:IntPtr
- //c++:void * user_obj_param ---- c#:IntPtr user_obj_param
- //c++:void * 对象名称 ---- c#:([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.AsAny)]Object 对象名称
- //c++:char, INT8, SBYTE, CHAR ---- c#:System.SByte
- //c++:short, short int, INT16, SHORT ---- c#:System.Int16
- //c++:int, long, long int, INT32, LONG32, BOOL , INT ---- c#:System.Int32
- //c++:__int64, INT64, LONGLONG ---- c#:System.Int64
- //c++:unsigned char, UINT8, UCHAR , BYTE ---- c#:System.Byte
- //c++:unsigned short, UINT16, USHORT, WORD, ATOM, WCHAR , __wchar_t ---- c#:System.UInt16
- //c++:unsigned, unsigned int, UINT32, ULONG32, DWORD32, ULONG, DWORD, UINT ---- c#:System.UInt32
- //c++:unsigned __int64, UINT64, DWORDLONG, ULONGLONG ---- c#:System.UInt64
- //c++:float, FLOAT ---- c#:System.Single
- //c++:double, long double, DOUBLE ---- c#:System.Double
- //Win32 Types ---- CLR Type
- //Struct需要在C#里重新定义一个Struct
- //CallBack回调函数需要封装在一个委托里,delegate static extern int FunCallBack(string str);
- //unsigned char** ppImage替换成IntPtr ppImage
- //int& nWidth替换成ref int nWidth
- //int*, int&, 则都可用 ref int 对应
- //双针指类型参数,可以用 ref IntPtr
- //函数指针使用c++: typedef double (*fun_type1)(double); 对应 c#:public delegate double fun_type1(double);
- //char* 的操作c++: char*; 对应 c#:StringBuilder;
- //c#中使用指针:在需要使用指针的地方 加 unsafe
- //unsigned char对应public byte
- /*
- * typedef void (*CALLBACKFUN1W)(wchar_t*, void* pArg);
- * typedef void (*CALLBACKFUN1A)(char*, void* pArg);
- * bool BIOPRINT_SENSOR_API dllFun1(CALLBACKFUN1 pCallbackFun1, void* pArg);
- * 调用方式为
- * [UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
- * public delegate void CallbackFunc1([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] StringBuilder strName, IntPtr pArg);
- *
- *
- */
- C++ C#
- =====================================
- WORD ushort
- DWORD uint
- UCHAR int/byte 大部分情况都可以使用int代替,而如果需要严格对齐的话则应该用bytebyte
- UCHAR* string/IntPtr
- unsigned char* [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)]byte[]/?(Intptr)
- char* string
- LPCTSTR string
- LPTSTR [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] string
- long int
- ulong uint
- Handle IntPtr
- HWND IntPtr
- void* IntPtr
- int int
- int* ref int
- *int IntPtr
- unsigned int uint
- COLORREF uint
- API与C#的数据类型对应关系表
- API数据类型 类型描述 C#类型 API数据类型 类型描述 C#类型
- WORD 16位无符号整数 ushort CHAR 字符 char
- LONG 32位无符号整数 int DWORDLONG 64位长整数 long
- DWORD 32位无符号整数 uint HDC 设备描述表句柄 int
- HANDLE 句柄,32位整数 int HGDIOBJ GDI 对象句柄 int
- UINT 32位无符号整数 uint HINSTANCE 实例句柄 int
- BOOL 32位布尔型整数 bool HWM 窗口句柄 int
- LPSTR 指向字符的32位指针 string HPARAM 32位消息参数 int
- LPCSTR 指向常字符的32位指针 String LPARAM 32位消息参数 int
- BYTE 字节 byte WPARAM 32位消息参数 int
- BOOL=System.Int32
- BOOLEAN=System.Int32
- BYTE=System.UInt16
- CHAR=System.Int16
- COLORREF=System.UInt32
- DWORD=System.UInt32
- DWORD32=System.UInt32
- DWORD64=System.UInt64
- FLOAT=System.Float
- HACCEL=System.IntPtr
- HANDLE=System.IntPtr
- HBITMAP=System.IntPtr
- HBRUSH=System.IntPtr
- HCONV=System.IntPtr
- HCONVLIST=System.IntPtr
- HCURSOR=System.IntPtr
- HDC=System.IntPtr
- HDDEDATA=System.IntPtr
- HDESK=System.IntPtr
- HDROP=System.IntPtr
- HDWP=System.IntPtr
- HENHMETAFILE=System.IntPtr
- HFILE=System.IntPtr
- HFONT=System.IntPtr
- HGDIOBJ=System.IntPtr
- HGLOBAL=System.IntPtr
- HHOOK=System.IntPtr
- HICON=System.IntPtr
- HIMAGELIST=System.IntPtr
- HIMC=System.IntPtr
- HINSTANCE=System.IntPtr
- HKEY=System.IntPtr
- HLOCAL=System.IntPtr
- HMENU=System.IntPtr
- HMETAFILE=System.IntPtr
- HMODULE=System.IntPtr
- HMONITOR=System.IntPtr
- HPALETTE=System.IntPtr
- HPEN=System.IntPtr
- HRGN=System.IntPtr
- HRSRC=System.IntPtr
- HSZ=System.IntPtr
- HWINSTA=System.IntPtr
- HWND=System.IntPtr
- INT=System.Int32
- INT32=System.Int32
- INT64=System.Int64
- LONG=System.Int32
- LONG32=System.Int32
- LONG64=System.Int64
- LONGLONG=System.Int64
- LPARAM=System.IntPtr
- LPBOOL=System.Int16[]
- LPBYTE=System.UInt16[]
- LPCOLORREF=System.UInt32[]
- LPCSTR=System.String
- LPCTSTR=System.String
- LPCVOID=System.UInt32
- LPCWSTR=System.String
- LPDWORD=System.UInt32[]
- LPHANDLE=System.UInt32
- LPINT=System.Int32[]
- LPLONG=System.Int32[]
- LPSTR=System.String
- LPTSTR=System.String
- LPVOID=System.UInt32
- LPWORD=System.Int32[]
- LPWSTR=System.String
- LRESULT=System.IntPtr
- PBOOL=System.Int16[]
- PBOOLEAN=System.Int16[]
- PBYTE=System.UInt16[]
- PCHAR=System.Char[]
- PCSTR=System.String
- PCTSTR=System.String
- PCWCH=System.UInt32
- PCWSTR=System.UInt32
- PDWORD=System.Int32[]
- PFLOAT=System.Float[]
- PHANDLE=System.UInt32
- PHKEY=System.UInt32
- PINT=System.Int32[]
- PLCID=System.UInt32
- PLONG=System.Int32[]
- PLUID=System.UInt32
- PSHORT=System.Int16[]
- PSTR=System.String
- PTBYTE=System.Char[]
- PTCHAR=System.Char[]
- PTSTR=System.String
- PUCHAR=System.Char[]
- PUINT=System.UInt32[]
- PULONG=System.UInt32[]
- PUSHORT=System.UInt16[]
- PVOID=System.UInt32
- PWCHAR=System.Char[]
- PWORD=System.Int16[]
- PWSTR=System.String
- REGSAM=System.UInt32
- SC_HANDLE=System.IntPtr
- SC_LOCK=System.IntPtr
- SHORT=System.Int16
- SIZE_T=System.UInt32
- SSIZE_=System.UInt32
- TBYTE=System.Char
- TCHAR=System.Char
- UCHAR=System.Byte
- UINT=System.UInt32
- UINT32=System.UInt32
- UINT64=System.UInt64
- ULONG=System.UInt32
- ULONG32=System.UInt32
- ULONG64=System.UInt64
- ULONGLONG=System.UInt64
- USHORT=System.UInt16
- WORD=System.UInt16
- WPARAM=System.IntPtr
- Wtypes.h 中的非托管类型 非托管C 语言类型 托管类名 说明
- HANDLE void* System.IntPtr 32 位
- BYTE unsigned char System.Byte 8 位
- SHORT short System.Int16 16 位
- WORD unsigned short System.UInt16 16 位
- INT int System.Int32 32 位
- UINT unsigned int System.UInt32 32 位
- LONG long System.Int32 32 位
- BOOL long System.Int32 32 位
- DWORD unsigned long System.UInt32 32 位
- ULONG unsigned long System.UInt32 32 位
- CHAR char System.Char 用 ANSI 修饰。
- LPSTR char* System.String 或 System.StringBuilder 用 ANSI 修饰。
- LPCSTR Const char* System.String 或 System.StringBuilder 用 ANSI 修饰。
- LPWSTR wchar_t* System.String 或 System.StringBuilder 用 Unicode 修饰。
- LPCWSTR Const wchar_t* System.String 或 System.StringBuilder 用 Unicode 修饰。
- FLOAT Float System.Single 32 位
- DOUBLE Double System.Double 64 位
- C/C++中的结构类型数据在C#下的转换
- 在做项目移植的时候,经常会碰到数据类型的转换,而我这一次碰到的是C/C++中的结构怎样转换到C#。折腾了一个晚上终于有一个完美的方案。
- 例如我们在C/C++下的结构数据如下:
- typedef struct
- {
- char sLibName[ 256 ];
- char sPathToLibrary[ 256 ];
- INT32 iEntries;
- INT32 iUsed;
- UINT16 iSort;
- UINT16 iVersion;
- BOOLEAN fContainsSubDirectories;
- INT32 iReserved;
- } LIBHEADER;
- 我们想把它转成C#下的结构类型如下:
- public struct LIBHEADER
- {
- public char[] sLibName;
- public char[] sPathToLibrary;
- public Int32 iEntries;
- public Int32 iUsed;
- public UInt16 iSort;
- public UInt16 iVersion;
- public Boolean fContainsSubDirectories;
- public Int32 iReserved;
- }
- 看上去好像没问题了,呵呵呵,其实这样是不行的,我们得再给C#编译器一些信息,告诉它一些字符数组的大小。然后它们在C#下面长得样子就变成这样:
- [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
- public struct LIBHEADER
- {
- [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 256)]
- public char[] sLibName;
- [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 256)]
- public char[] sPathToLibrary;
- public Int32 iEntries;
- public Int32 iUsed;
- public UInt16 iSort;
- public UInt16 iVersion;
- public Boolean fContainsSubDirectories;
- public Int32 iReserved;
- }
- 然后写一个函数负责转换。
- public StructType ConverBytesToStructure<StructType>(byte[] bytesBuffer)
- {
- // 检查长度。
- if (bytesBuffer.Length != Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(StructType)))
- {
- throw new ArgumentException("bytesBuffer参数和structObject参数字节长度不一致。");
- }
- IntPtr bufferHandler = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(bytesBuffer.Length);
- for (int index = 0; index < bytesBuffer.Length; index++)
- {
- Marshal.WriteByte(bufferHandler, index, bytesBuffer[index]);
- }
- StructType structObject = (StructType)Marshal.PtrToStructure(bufferHandler, typeof(StructType));
- Marshal.FreeHGlobal(bufferHandler);
- return structObject;
- }
- 然后我们的函数用例是这样:
- FileStream file = File.OpenRead(@"D:/Jagged Alliance 2 Gold/INSTALL.LOG");
- byte[] buffer = new byte[Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(LIBHEADER))];
- file.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
- LIBHEADER testValue = CommonTools.ConverBytesToStructure<LIBHEADER>(buffer);
- string libName = new string(testValue.sLibName);
- string pathToLibrary= new string(testValue.sPathToLibrary);
- OK,搞定。
- 如果想去掉后面两句的char数组的转换哪代码如下
- C#中的结构代码
- [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet=CharSet.Ansi)]
- public struct LIBHEADER
- {
- [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 256)]
- public string sLibName;
- [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 256)]
- public string sPathToLibrary;
- public Int32 iEntries;
- public Int32 iUsed;
- public UInt16 iSort;
- public UInt16 iVersion;
- public Boolean fContainsSubDirectories;
- public Int32 iReserved;
- }
- 其它代码不用作修改便可使用。