问题解决：fastjson 迁移至gson 反序列化错误:org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageNotWritableException

0x00 前言

在工作开发中，有一个需求需要将项目中的fastjson迁移至gson，在迁移过程中发现了一个奇葩的bug，如下：

org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageNotWritableException: 
Could not write JSON: (was java.lang.IllegalStateException); nested exception is com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonMappingException: (was java.lang.IllegalStateException) (through reference chain: com.demo.boot.web.common.RestWebResultContainer["data"]->com.google.gson.JsonArray["asInt"])

0x01 问题分析

看到第一眼知道是反序列化失败，但是用fastjson的JSONArray就没问题，为啥换成gson的的JsonArray就有这个问题了呢，后续通过对于两者的源码分析看出。

fastjson中的JSONArray

package com.alibaba.fastjson;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject.SecureObjectInputStream;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.parser.Feature;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.parser.ParserConfig;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.util.TypeUtils;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.NotActiveException;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.sql.Timestamp;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.ListIterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.RandomAccess;

public class JSONArray extends JSON implements List<Object>, Cloneable, RandomAccess, Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private final List<Object> list;
    protected transient Object relatedArray;
    protected transient Type componentType;

    .......
    
    public Object get(int index) {
        return this.list.get(index);
    }

    public JSONObject getJSONObject(int index) {
        Object value = this.list.get(index);
        if (value instanceof JSONObject) {
            return (JSONObject)value;
        } else {
            return value instanceof Map ? new JSONObject((Map)value) : (JSONObject)toJSON(value);
        }
    }

    public JSONArray getJSONArray(int index) {
        Object value = this.list.get(index);
        if (value instanceof JSONArray) {
            return (JSONArray)value;
        } else {
            return value instanceof List ? new JSONArray((List)value) : (JSONArray)toJSON(value);
        }
    }

    public <T> T getObject(int index, Class<T> clazz) {
        Object obj = this.list.get(index);
        return TypeUtils.castToJavaBean(obj, clazz);
    }

    public <T> T getObject(int index, Type type) {
        Object obj = this.list.get(index);
        if (type instanceof Class) {
            return TypeUtils.castToJavaBean(obj, (Class)type);
        } else {
            String json = JSON.toJSONString(obj);
            return JSON.parseObject(json, type, new Feature[0]);
        }
    }

    public Boolean getBoolean(int index) {
        Object value = this.get(index);
        return value == null ? null : TypeUtils.castToBoolean(value);
    }

    public boolean getBooleanValue(int index) {
        Object value = this.get(index);
        return value == null ? false : TypeUtils.castToBoolean(value);
    }

    public Byte getByte(int index) {
        Object value = this.get(index);
        return TypeUtils.castToByte(value);
    }

    public byte getByteValue(int index) {
        Object value = this.get(index);
        Byte byteVal = TypeUtils.castToByte(value);
        return byteVal == null ? 0 : byteVal;
    }

    public Short getShort(int index) {
        Object value = this.get(index);
        return TypeUtils.castToShort(value);
    }

    public short getShortValue(int index) {
        Object value = this.get(index);
        Short shortVal = TypeUtils.castToShort(value);
        return shortVal == null ? 0 : shortVal;
    }

    public Integer getInteger(int index) {
        Object value = this.get(index);
        return TypeUtils.castToInt(value);
    }

    public int getIntValue(int index) {
        Object value = this.get(index);
        Integer intVal = TypeUtils.castToInt(value);
        return intVal == null ? 0 : intVal;
    }

    public Long getLong(int index) {
        Object value = this.get(index);
        return TypeUtils.castToLong(value);
    }

    public long getLongValue(int index) {
        Object value = this.get(index);
        Long longVal = TypeUtils.castToLong(value);
        return longVal == null ? 0L : longVal;
    }

    public Float getFloat(int index) {
        Object value = this.get(index);
        return TypeUtils.castToFloat(value);
    }

    public float getFloatValue(int index) {
        Object value = this.get(index);
        Float floatValue = TypeUtils.castToFloat(value);
        return floatValue == null ? 0.0F : floatValue;
    }

    public Double getDouble(int index) {
        Object value = this.get(index);
        return TypeUtils.castToDouble(value);
    }

    public double getDoubleValue(int index) {
        Object value = this.get(index);
        Double doubleValue = TypeUtils.castToDouble(value);
        return doubleValue == null ? 0.0D : doubleValue;
    }

    public BigDecimal getBigDecimal(int index) {
        Object value = this.get(index);
        return TypeUtils.castToBigDecimal(value);
    }

    public BigInteger getBigInteger(int index) {
        Object value = this.get(index);
        return TypeUtils.castToBigInteger(value);
    }

    public String getString(int index) {
        Object value = this.get(index);
        return TypeUtils.castToString(value);
    }

    public Date getDate(int index) {
        Object value = this.get(index);
        return TypeUtils.castToDate(value);
    }

    public java.sql.Date getSqlDate(int index) {
        Object value = this.get(index);
        return TypeUtils.castToSqlDate(value);
    }

    public Timestamp getTimestamp(int index) {
        Object value = this.get(index);
        return TypeUtils.castToTimestamp(value);
    }

   .........
}

gson中的JsonArray

package com.google.gson;

import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

public final class JsonArray extends JsonElement implements Iterable<JsonElement> {
    private final List<JsonElement> elements;

   ......

    public Number getAsNumber() {
        if (this.elements.size() == 1) {
            return ((JsonElement)this.elements.get(0)).getAsNumber();
        } else {
            throw new IllegalStateException();
        }
    }

    public String getAsString() {
        if (this.elements.size() == 1) {
            return ((JsonElement)this.elements.get(0)).getAsString();
        } else {
            throw new IllegalStateException();
        }
    }

    public double getAsDouble() {
        if (this.elements.size() == 1) {
            return ((JsonElement)this.elements.get(0)).getAsDouble();
        } else {
            throw new IllegalStateException();
        }
    }

    public BigDecimal getAsBigDecimal() {
        if (this.elements.size() == 1) {
            return ((JsonElement)this.elements.get(0)).getAsBigDecimal();
        } else {
            throw new IllegalStateException();
        }
    }

    public BigInteger getAsBigInteger() {
        if (this.elements.size() == 1) {
            return ((JsonElement)this.elements.get(0)).getAsBigInteger();
        } else {
            throw new IllegalStateException();
        }
    }

    public float getAsFloat() {
        if (this.elements.size() == 1) {
            return ((JsonElement)this.elements.get(0)).getAsFloat();
        } else {
            throw new IllegalStateException();
        }
    }

    public long getAsLong() {
        if (this.elements.size() == 1) {
            return ((JsonElement)this.elements.get(0)).getAsLong();
        } else {
            throw new IllegalStateException();
        }
    }

    public int getAsInt() {
        if (this.elements.size() == 1) {
            return ((JsonElement)this.elements.get(0)).getAsInt();
        } else {
            throw new IllegalStateException();
        }
    }

    public byte getAsByte() {
        if (this.elements.size() == 1) {
            return ((JsonElement)this.elements.get(0)).getAsByte();
        } else {
            throw new IllegalStateException();
        }
    }

    public char getAsCharacter() {
        if (this.elements.size() == 1) {
            return ((JsonElement)this.elements.get(0)).getAsCharacter();
        } else {
            throw new IllegalStateException();
        }
    }

    public short getAsShort() {
        if (this.elements.size() == 1) {
            return ((JsonElement)this.elements.get(0)).getAsShort();
        } else {
            throw new IllegalStateException();
        }
    }

    public boolean getAsBoolean() {
        if (this.elements.size() == 1) {
            return ((JsonElement)this.elements.get(0)).getAsBoolean();
        } else {
            throw new IllegalStateException();
        }
    }

    ........
}

通过对比可以看出JsonArray中有大量的get方法且无参，这样会导致将JsonArray作为序列化对象传输后在对其进行反序列化后会将例如getAsInt转化成asInt属性，这样找不到会报错，上述错误是找不到asInt的set方法，所以出现类似错误时可以看看对应类型的getter/setter方法有没有写，并且类型是否对应。

0x02 问题解决

找到错误原因后果断放弃将JsonArray作为回传对象，采用List回传 ，接口数据返回正常。

 JsonArray jsonArray = xxx;
 return Arrays.asList(new Gson().fromJson(jsonArray, Dto[].class));

0x03 总结

有问题不要乱尝试，要学会分析，不要猜，和女人的心思一样，特别难猜到！！！！

经过此次折磨的BUG , 个人觉得fastjson更合适作为一个对象，而gson更像是一个工具类。