LAMP环境搭建三 源码安装PHP并配置http

PHP官网：http://www.php.net/

前面讲到，PHP是作为Apache的一个模块存在的，而PHP的当前主流版本为5.6/7.1，所以我们两个都去安装。

安装PHP5

下载并解压php5源码包：

# cd /usr/local/src

# wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.36.tar.bz2

# tar jxvf php-5.6.36.tar.bz2

然后配置编译各种参数（进入php5目录）：

# cd php-5.6.36

# ./configure \
> --prefix=/usr/local/php \
> --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apxs \
> --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
> --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
> --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
> --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \
> --with-libxml-dir \
> --with-gd \
> --with-jpeg-dir \
> --with-png-dir \
> --with-freetype-dir \
> --with-iconv-dir \
> --with-zlib-dir \
> --with-bz2 \
> --with-openssl \
> --with-mcrypt \
> --enable-soap \
> --enable-gd-native-ttf \
> --enable-mbstring \
> --enable-sockets \
> --enable-exif

关于PHP的编译参数比较多，编译参数可以指定我们需要的功能模块，跟前面的httpd类似。上面的这些参数算是常用的，如果没有特殊要求，直接使用这些参数即可。

另外，apxs是httpd的一个工具，因为有它才会自动把PHP模块安装到httpd的modules目录下，也就是说PHP将会以一个模块的形式和httpd结合在一起工作。

在上一步编译PHP的过程中，我遇到了这些错误：
configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.
安装所需的包然后继续编译：

# yum install -y libxml2-devel

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apxs --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-bz2 --with-openssl --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --enable-exif
configure: error: Cannot find OpenSSL’s <evp.h>

安装所需的包然后继续编译：

# yum install -y openssl openssl-devel

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apxs --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-bz2 --with-openssl --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --enable-exif

configure: error: Please reinstall the BZip2 distribution

安装所需的包然后继续编译：

# yum install -y bzip2 bzip2-devel

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apxs --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-bz2 --with-openssl --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --enable-exif

configure: error: jpeglib.h not found.

终于不再提示错误，有这样的信息：

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apxs --with-config-file-path=/usr/loc

+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| License:                                                           |
| This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this     |
| distribution in the file LICENSE.  By continuing this installation |
| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement.     |
| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |
| the installation process at this point.                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+

Thank you for using PHP.

config.status: creating php5.spec
config.status: creating main/build-defs.h
config.status: creating scripts/phpize
config.status: creating scripts/man1/phpize.1
config.status: creating scripts/php-config
config.status: creating scripts/man1/php-config.1
config.status: creating sapi/cli/php.1
config.status: creating sapi/cgi/php-cgi.1
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.1
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.phar.1
config.status: creating main/php_config.h
config.status: executing default commands

 make && make install

然后把配置文件放到/usr/local/php/etc/目录下改名为php.ini

cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

# /usr/local/php/bin/php -i
phpinfo()
PHP Version => 5.6.36

安装PHP7

下载并解压php7源码包：

# cd /usr/local/src/

# wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-7.1.6.tar.bz2

# tar jxvf php-7.1.6.tar.bz2

然后配置编译各种参数（进入php7目录）：

# cd php-7.1.6

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7 --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apxs --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php7/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-bz2 --with-openssl --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --enable-exif

和PHP5有两处不同：./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7 --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php7/etc。

+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| License:                                                           |
| This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this     |
| distribution in the file LICENSE.  By continuing this installation |
| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement.     |
| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |
| the installation process at this point.                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+

Thank you for using PHP.

config.status: creating php7.spec
config.status: creating main/build-defs.h
config.status: creating scripts/phpize
config.status: creating scripts/man1/phpize.1
config.status: creating scripts/php-config
config.status: creating scripts/man1/php-config.1
config.status: creating sapi/cli/php.1
config.status: creating sapi/cgi/php-cgi.1
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.1
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.phar.1
config.status: creating main/php_config.h
config.status: main/php_config.h is unchanged
config.status: executing default commands
configure: WARNING: unrecognized options: --with-mysql

 make && make install

然后把配置文件放到/usr/local/php/etc/目录下改名为php.ini

cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini

安装完成以后，我们可以查看：

# ls /usr/local/apache2.4/modules/libphp*
/usr/local/apache2.4/modules/libphp5.so  /usr/local/apache2.4/modules/libphp7.so

# ls /usr/local/apache2.4/modules/libphp7.so 
/usr/local/apache2.4/modules/libphp7.so

# du -sh !$
du -sh /usr/local/apache2.4/modules/libphp7.so
37M	/usr/local/apache2.4/modules/libphp7.so

可以看到，已经加载PHP7模块。

# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -M

Loaded Modules:
 core_module (static)
 so_module (static)
 http_module (static)
 mpm_event_module (static)
 authn_file_module (shared)
 authn_core_module (shared)
 authz_host_module (shared)
 authz_groupfile_module (shared)
 authz_user_module (shared)
 authz_core_module (shared)
 access_compat_module (shared)
 auth_basic_module (shared)
 reqtimeout_module (shared)
 filter_module (shared)
 mime_module (shared)
 log_config_module (shared)
 env_module (shared)
 headers_module (shared)
 setenvif_module (shared)
 version_module (shared)
 unixd_module (shared)
 status_module (shared)
 autoindex_module (shared)
 dir_module (shared)
 alias_module (shared)
 php5_module (shared)
 php7_module (shared）

Apache和PHP结合

httpd的主配置文件是 /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf，对于这个文件，我们要做4处修改：

# vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf				#做下面修改

ServerName www.example.com:80

<Directory />  
    AllowOverride none  
    Require all granted				#目的是允许所有请求，如果不做修改，则访问时候会显示403错误
</Directory>

AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php				#注意php和.php之间有空格

<IfModule dir_module>
    DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
</IfModule>

可以测试一下配置语法是否正确：

# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t 

然后重新加载配置文件：

 # /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful

我们还需要测试是否正确解析PHP：

# vim /usr/local/apache2.4/htdocs/1.php

<?php
 echo "php解析正常";
?>

# curl localhost/1.php
php解析正常[root@localhost php-5.6.36]#