STM32 -USART中断方式

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-24 14:18:09 发布

toyourheart2004

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-24 14:18:09 发布

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文章标签： byte function system input cmd c

前面我们接收了串口通信的查询方式，现在我们来介绍中断方式。

步骤一：初始化GPIO

GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;

/* Configure USART1 Tx (PA.09) as alternate function push-pull */

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;

GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);

/* Configure USART1 Rx (PA.10) as input floating */

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;

GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);

步骤二：开时钟

/* Enable USART1, GPIOA, GPIOD and AFIO clocks */

RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1 | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOD

| RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE);

在此说明，不用设置RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO也是可以的，也就是在此没有使用复用功能。

这两个步骤与查询方式是一样的。

步骤三：初始化USART1

USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 115200;

USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;

USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_2;

USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No; //设置奇校验时，通信出现错误

USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl=USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;

USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;

/* Configure the USART1 */

USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure);

/* Enable the USART Transmoit interrupt: this interrupt is generated when the

USART1 transmit data register is empty */

USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_TXE, ENABLE);

/* Enable the USART Receive interrupt: this interrupt is generated when the

USART1 receive data register is not empty */

USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);

/* Enable USART1 */

USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);

在这里要使能USART1的外设中断，如USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_TXE, ENABLE);这就是使能发送中断，但发送寄存器空时能产生中断。

步骤四：编写中断函数

uint8_t TxBuffer[] = "/n/rUSART Hyperterminal Interrupts Example: USART-Hyperterminal/

communication using Interrupt/n/r";

uint8_t RxBuffer[RxBufferSize];

uint8_t NbrOfDataToTransfer = TxBufferSize;

uint8_t NbrOfDataToRead = RxBufferSize;

uint8_t TxCounter = 0;

uint16_t RxCounter = 0;

void USART1_IRQHandler(void)

{

if(USART_GetITStatus(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE) != RESET)

{

/* Read one byte from the receive data register */

RxBuffer[RxCounter++] = (USART_ReceiveData(USART1) & 0x7F);

if(RxCounter == NbrOfDataToRead)

{

/* Disable the USART Receive interrupt */

USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE, DISABLE);

}

if(USART_GetITStatus(USART1, USART_IT_TXE) != RESET)

{

/* Write one byte to the transmit data register */

USART_SendData(USART1, TxBuffer[TxCounter++]);

if(TxCounter == NbrOfDataToTransfer)

{

/* Disable the USART1 Transmit interrupt */

USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_TXE, DISABLE);

}

至此程序就结束了。

我们就会有个疑问,main()只包括前三个步骤的初始化和一个死循环，那么中断又是如何触发的呢，main（）的结构如下：

int main(void)

{

/* System Clocks Configuration */

RCC_Configuration();

/* NVIC configuration */

NVIC_Configuration();

/* Configure the GPIO ports */

GPIO_Configuration();

USART_Configuration();

while (1)

{

}

原来是这样的：状态寄存器USART_SR的复位值为0x00C0H, 也就是第七位TXE和第六位TC复位值为1，而TXE=1,表明发送数据寄存器为空， TC=1表明发送已完成。而在USART的设置中有