5G NR - PDCCH学习笔记1 - Overview

1. 总体描述

PDCCHNR唯一的下行控制信道,有人将其称之为the heart of NR air interface, 一点都不为过,理解PDCCH的处理过程是理解数据在空口传输的关键。

NRPDCCH类似于LTE,但是由于NR带宽更宽配置更灵活,因此NRPDCCH更复杂一点。

 

PDCCH承载的数据DCI Downlink Control Information.

DCI主要包含PDSCHPUSCH传输资源调度信息,另外还有上行功控(PUSCH,PUCCH, SRS)指示, 时隙格式指示,UE哪些PRBOFDM符号不映射数据等等。

 

PDCCH动态地将控制信息发给UEUE需要读取这些控制信息,才知道何时(时域)何地(频域)以及如何解调/解码PDSCH(下行),以及何时(时域)何地(频域)以何种方式组装并发送PUSCH数据(上行)

 

PDCCH涉及两个重要方面,一是传输控制信息的资源,也就是CORESETCOntrol REsource SET,另一个就是UE如何在CORESET里获取控制信息.

 

UE通过在指定的监视时机(Monitoring Occasion)监测CORESET来获取控制信息, 这个过程通过在配置的搜索空间(Search Space)里的候选集(PDCCH Candidate)进行所谓的盲(Blind Decoding)来实现。

 

CORESET的基本组成单元是REGResource Element Group1REG对应1OFDM符号上的1PRB. CORESET包含的REG一般为6的整数倍(CCE大小对应,后面会讲到)

构成PDCCH的基本单元是CCE(Control Channel Element). CCE大小为6REGCCE是逻辑资源,需要进一步通过交织(Interleaved)或非交织(Non-Interleaved)CCE-REG mapping方式映射到CORESET资源

 

下图是关于上述提到的概念的Big Picture.

 

 

2. DCI处理过程

 

3.PDCCH类型

主要分为Common PDCCH, Group Common PDCCH以及UE-Specific PDCCH三类:

类型

Common PDCCH

Group Common PDCCH

UE-Specific PDCCH

用途

公共消息调度(RMSI, OSI, Paging, RACH MSG2/4)

SFI - Slot Format Indicating
PI - Pre-emption Indicating

用户级数据调度和功控信息调度

时域

1~3 Symbols(MIBRRC配置)

1~3 Symbols(RRC配置)

Aggregation Level

4/8/16(公共消息通常覆盖整个小区,因此AL不能太小)

1/2/4/8/16

RS

DMRS 1/4密度(也就是4个子载波1DMRS,位置PCI-Physical Cell Id相关)

映射方式

时域优先, Interleaved

时域优先, Interleaved/Non-Interleaved

CORESET配置

MIBRRC信令

RRC信令

RRC信令

Search Space

Common Search Space

UE-Specific Search Space

Blind Decoding次数

Total: 44/36/22/20 for 15/30/60/120khz SCS(38.213 10.1 for more details)

 

4.DCI Fomat

由于不同的下行控制信息大小通常不同,因此针对每种DCI类型定义不同格式 – DCI Format.

为限制UE检测PDCCH Candidates的复杂度,NR限制每个slot检测的DCI Size不超过4,其中C-RNTI加扰的不超过3种,其他RNTI加扰的不超过一种.

为满足对DCI Size的限制,DCI Format 0_0始终保持与DCI Format 1_0一致,如不相等,则需要补零截断, 其余细节见comments列:

类别

DCI Format

Size

用途

Comments

PUSCH调度

Format 0_0

Fallback DCI, 指示PUSCH调度,在波形变换使用

支持部分NR feature(比如多天线相关的字段),并且字段不可配置

Format 0_1

指示PUSCH调度

支持所有NR feature,并且字段可灵活配置

PDSCH调度

Format 1_0

Fallback DCI, 指示PDSCH调度, 在公共消息调度(pagingRMSI调度)/状态转换(BWP切换)时使用

支持部分NR feature(比如多天线相关的字段),并且字段不可配置

Format 1_1

指示PDSCH调度

支持所有NR feature,并且字段可灵活配置,比如不支持CA(Carrier Aggregation)时,就不携带CA相关字段

Others

Format 2_0

 

Slot Format Indicating

SFI RNTI加扰,DCI size由高层参数配置,最大128 bits

Format 2_1

 

指示UE在哪些PRBOFDM符号不映射数据

INT-RNTI加扰,DCI size由高层参数配置,最大126 bits

Format 2_2

PUSCHPUCCH功控命令

TPC-PUCCH-RNTITPC-PUSCH RNTI加扰,DCI size需要与DCI 0_0相同,若小于,需要在尾部补0

Format 2_3

SRS功控命令

TPC-SRS-RNTI加扰,DCI size需要与DCI 0_0相同,若小于,需要在尾部补0


笔者在公众号“协议工程师笔记”定期发布5G/LTE/IMS...学习笔记, 敬请关注、订阅和分享,谢谢!

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### 5G PDCCH Configuration for SIB1 Specification and Implementation Details In the context of Fifth Generation (5G) New Radio (NR), System Information Block Type 1 (SIB1) is crucial as it provides essential information about system configurations to User Equipment (UE). The Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) plays a significant role in conveying control signaling, including scheduling information for SIB1. For configuring PDCCH specifically for SIB1 transmission, several parameters are critical. The search space settings define where UEs should monitor PDCCH candidates within specific slots or occasions. Common Search Space (CSS) set0 is utilized by default for transmitting downlink control information (DCI) related to SIB1[^1]. This DCI format typically includes Format 1_0 which carries scheduling commands such as resource allocation type A, modulation scheme QPSK, coding rate R=1/2 among others necessary fields required for decoding subsequent messages like MIB/SIBs etc.[^2] Additionally, CORESET (Control Resource Set) defines time-frequency resources over which UE monitors PDCCH carrying DCIs intended for different purposes; one instance being SIB1-related transmissions. It specifies frequency domain positions along with duration across OFDM symbols per slot that can be used for monitoring these channels effectively without causing interference issues between adjacent cells operating on similar frequencies bands simultaneously[^3]. For practical implementation considerations regarding how this configuration might look programmatically when setting up an environment supporting NR standards: ```python from nr_config import NRConfigurator config = NRConfigurator() # Define CORESET configuration for SIB1 coreset_sib1 = { "frequencyDomainResources": "0x7FFFFFFFFF", "duration": 2, } # Configure CSS set0 for SIB1 css_set0_for_sib1 = { "monitoringSymbolsWithinSlot": [1], "nrofCandidates": {"n1": 8}, "aggregationLevel": 4, } config.set_coreset(coreset_id=0, coreset_settings=coreset_sib1) config.configure_css(css_type="commonSearchSpaceSet0", css_settings=css_set0_for_sib1) print(config.get_configuration()) ``` This code snippet demonstrates defining both CORESET and CSS configurations tailored towards ensuring successful reception of SIB1 through appropriate adjustments made at network setup level using hypothetical `nr_config` library functions designed around managing various aspects associated with NR specifications efficiently while adhering closely enough so readers familiarize themselves better understanding real-world applications thereof. --related questions-- 1. What other types of DCI formats exist besides those mentioned here? 2. How does the choice of aggregation levels impact performance metrics during actual deployment scenarios involving multiple users accessing services concurrently via wireless networks utilizing advanced technologies like beamforming antennas arrays integrated into base stations spread geographically apart from each other forming heterogeneous architectures consisting macrocells alongside small cell deployments enhancing overall coverage area capacity gains achievable under ideal conditions assuming no external factors affecting signal propagation characteristics significantly beyond manufacturer's stated tolerances. 3. Can you provide more insight into what happens after receiving SIB1? Specifically concerning additional steps taken post-initial access procedure completion leading eventually toward establishing radio bearers facilitating data exchange processes securely authenticated encrypted manner compliant current industry best practices regulatory requirements applicable jurisdictional boundaries traversed throughout entire communication lifecycle management workflows implemented robust scalable infrastructure platforms capable handling diverse traffic patterns varying widely depending upon application-specific needs ranging simple text messaging social media interactions complex multimedia streaming experiences requiring low latency high throughput connections maintain quality service expectations end-users regardless location device type connectivity medium employed whether fixed mobile satellite-based alternatives available market today offering unprecedented flexibility convenience never before seen history telecommunications evolution driven rapid advancements semiconductor manufacturing techniques enabling miniaturization components reducing power consumption increasing processing speeds opening doors countless possibilities yet unimagined future generations inherit build further innovations atop existing foundations laid out pioneers who came before us shaping digital age we live now experiencing firsthand every day lives improved countless ways thanks largely contributions field communications technology research development efforts spanning decades culminating point present moment looking forward continued growth trajectory ahead lies much promise indeed. 4. In terms of programming interfaces provided by libraries similar to `nr_config`, what kind of methods would they offer for manipulating physical layer parameters involved in LTE versus NR systems considering differences protocol stack architecture design principles underlying each standard respectively? 5. Are there any particular challenges faced when implementing dynamic spectrum sharing features within multi-standard environments incorporating elements drawn from both legacy 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) frameworks together newer generation 5G Non-Standalone (NSA)/Standalone (SA) modes operation especially focusing interoperability concerns arising due potential conflicts occurring simultaneous usage allocated bandwidth portions reserved either technology independently managed separate entities potentially resulting degraded user experience unless properly addressed beforehand careful planning coordination amongst all stakeholders involved project lifecycles starting initial conception stages ending final rollout phases commercial availability markets worldwide?
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