实现效果
(1) 在client端可以实现对数据库的操作(Select,Insert,Update,Delete)
(2)数据库中创建一个考试表和学生表,考试表中问题是四项选择题(10道以上),client端做题,成绩存入学生表
(3)实现多个Client程序对server端的访问 Hint:Java程序中会使用多个class,server端使用thread监听多个client 。
一、创建数据库demo,数据表student、question。
其中student表存储了学生的姓名以及成绩记录、question表中存储了单项选择题的有关内容。
二、创建Student、Question 两个实体类
包含属性,Getter,Setter方法
Student.java
package com.jxnu.demo;
/**
* @author xiao
*/
public class Student {
//主键ID
private Integer id;
//用户名
private String username;
//分数
private String grade;
//生日
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getGrade() {
return grade;
}
public void setGrade(String grade) {
this.grade = grade;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", grade=" + grade +
'}';
}
}
Question.java
package com.jxnu.demo;
/**
* @author xiao
*/
public class Question {
private Integer id;
private String Content;
private String OptionA;
private String OptionB;
private String OptionC;
private String OptionD;
private String answer;
private String grade;
public String getGrade() {
return grade;
}
public void setGrade(String grade) {
this.grade = grade;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getContent() {
return Content;
}
public void setContent(String content) {
Content = content;
}
public String getOptionA() {
return OptionA;
}
public void setOptionA(String optionA) {
OptionA = optionA;
}
public String getOptionB() {
return OptionB;
}
public void setOptionB(String optionB) {
OptionB = optionB;
}
public String getOptionC() {
return OptionC;
}
public void setOptionC(String optionC) {
OptionC = optionC;
}
public String getOptionD() {
return OptionD;
}
public void setOptionD(String optionD) {
OptionD = optionD;
}
public String getAnswer() {
return answer;
}
public void setAnswer(String answer) {
this.answer = answer;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Question{" +
"id=" + id +
", Content='" + Content + '\'' +
", OptionA='" + OptionA + '\'' +
", OptionB='" + OptionB + '\'' +
", OptionC='" + OptionC + '\'' +
", OptionD='" + OptionD + '\'' +
", answer='" + answer + '\'' +
", grade='" + grade + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
三、导入jar包,编写三个与数据库相关的Java Class,DbManage、
StudentDao和QuestionDao。
其中DbManage有三个方法,initDB()负责打开驱动,两个close()方法分别关闭有结果集与无结果集。
DBManage.java
package com.jxnu.demo;
import java.sql.*;
/**
* @author xiao
*/
public class DbManage {
//打开驱动
public Connection initDB() {
Connection conn = null;
final String DRIVER_NAME = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
//数据库连接地址
final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/socket?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=FALSE&serverTimezone=UTC";
//用户名
final String USER_NAME = "root";
//密码
final String PASSWORD = "";
try {
Class.forName(DRIVER_NAME);
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(URL,USER_NAME,PASSWORD);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return conn;
}
//关闭无结果集
public void closeDB(PreparedStatement pstmt, Connection con) {
try {
if(pstmt!=null) {
pstmt.close();
}
if(con!=null) {
con.close();
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//关闭有结果集
public void closeDB(ResultSet rs, PreparedStatement pstmt, Connection con) {
try {
if(pstmt!=null) {
pstmt.close();
}
if(con!=null) {
con.close();
}
if(rs!=null)
{
rs.close();
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
StudentDao.java
StudentDao负责有关学生信息的增删查改(insert、update、delete、findAll)
package com.jxnu.demo;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author xiao
*/
public class StudentDao {
/**
* 添加
* @param student
* @return
*/
public boolean insert(Student student) {
DbManage dbmanage = new DbManage();
Connection con = null;
PreparedStatement pstmt =null;
String sql = "insert into student(username,grade) VALUES(?,?)";
boolean res = false;
try {
con = dbmanage.initDB();
pstmt = con.prepareStatement(sql);
pstmt.setString(1,student.getUsername());
pstmt.setString(2,student.getGrade());
res = (pstmt.executeUpdate() == 1);
}catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
dbmanage.closeDB(pstmt, con);
}
return res;
}
/**
* 删除
* @param id
* @return
*/
public boolean delete(Integer id) {
DbManage dbmanage = new DbManage();
Connection con = null;
PreparedStatement pstmt =null;
String sql = "delete from student where id = ?";
boolean flag = false;
try {
con = dbmanage.initDB();
pstmt = con.prepareStatement(sql);
pstmt.setInt(1, id);
int result = pstmt.executeUpdate();
if (result > 0) {
flag = true;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
dbmanage.closeDB(pstmt, con);
}
return flag;
}
/**
* 修改信息
* @param student
* @return
*/
public boolean update(Student student) {
DbManage dbmanage = new DbManage();
Connection con = null;
PreparedStatement pstmt =null;
String sql = "update student set username=? where id= ?";
boolean res = false;
try {
con = dbmanage.initDB();
pstmt = con.prepareStatement(sql);
pstmt.setString(1,student.getUsername());
pstmt.setInt(2,student.getId());
res = (pstmt.executeUpdate()==1);
}catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}finally {
dbmanage.closeDB(pstmt, con);
}
return res;
}
public boolean updateG(Student student) {
DbManage dbmanage = new DbManage();
Connection con = null;
PreparedStatement pstmt =null;
String sql = "update student set grade=? where id= ?";
boolean res = false;
try {
con = dbmanage.initDB();
pstmt = con.prepareStatement(sql);
pstmt.setString(1,student.getGrade());
pstmt.setInt(2,student.getId());
res = (pstmt.executeUpdate()==1);
}catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}finally {
dbmanage.closeDB(pstmt, con);
}
return res;
}
/**
* 查找所有数据
* @return
*/
public List<Student> findAll() {
DbManage dbmanage = new DbManage();
Connection con = null;
PreparedStatement pstmt =null;
ResultSet rs = null;
List<Student> list = new ArrayList<Student>();
String sql = "select * from student";
try {
con = dbmanage.initDB();
pstmt = con.prepareStatement(sql);
rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
while (rs.next()) {
Student student = new Student();
student.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
student.setUsername(rs.getString("username"));
student.setGrade(rs.getString("grade"));
list.add(student);
}
}catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
dbmanage.closeDB(rs,pstmt, con);
}
return list;
}
/**
* 根据ID查询
* @param id
* @return
*/
public List<Student> findById(Integer id) {
DbManage dbmanage = new DbManage();
Connection con = null;
PreparedStatement pstmt =null;
ResultSet rs = null;
//MessageEntity messageEntity = new MessageEntity();
List<Student> list = new ArrayList<Student>();
String sql = "select * from student where id=?";
try {
con = dbmanage.initDB();
pstmt = con.prepareStatement(sql);
pstmt.setInt(1, id);
rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
while(rs.next()){
Student student = new Student();
student.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
student.setUsername(rs.getString("username"));
student.setGrade(rs.getString("grade"));
list.add(student);
}
}catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
dbmanage.closeDB(rs,pstmt, con);
}
return list;
}
}
QuestionDao.java
QuestionDao负责有关题目的增删改查
package com.jxnu.demo;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author xiao
*/
public class QuestionDao {
public List<Question> findAll() {
DbManage dbmanage = new DbManage();
Connection con = null;
PreparedStatement pstmt =null;
ResultSet rs = null;
List<Question> list = new ArrayList<Question>();
String sql = "select * from question";
try {
con = dbmanage.initDB();
pstmt = con.prepareStatement(sql);
rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
while (rs.next()) {
Question question = new Question();
question.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
question.setAnswer(rs.getString("answer"));
question.setContent(rs.getString("content"));
question.setOptionA(rs.getString("optionA"));
question.setOptionB(rs.getString("optionB"));
question.setOptionC(rs.getString("optionC"));
question.setOptionD(rs.getString("optionD"));
list.add(question);
}
}catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
dbmanage.closeDB(rs,pstmt, con);
}
return list;
}
}
三、编写StudentService类,用于处理增删改查以及答题的逻辑
package com.jxnu.demo;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author xiao
*/
public class StudentService{
public void show(Socket socket) throws IOException {
DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
StudentDao dao = new StudentDao();
List<Student> list = dao.findAll();
out.writeUTF(String.valueOf(list));
}
public void insert(Socket socket) throws IOException {
DataInputStream input = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
out.writeUTF("请输入新增用户名");
String username = input.readUTF();
out.writeUTF("请输入用户成绩");
String grade = input.readUTF();
StudentDao dao = new StudentDao();
Student student = new Student();
student.setUsername(username);
student.setGrade(grade);
if(dao.insert(student))
out.writeUTF("添加成功");
else
out.writeUTF("添加失败");
}
public void delete(Socket socket) throws IOException {
DataInputStream input = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
out.writeUTF("请输入要删除的ID号");
String id = input.readUTF();
StudentDao dao = new StudentDao();
if(dao.delete(Integer.valueOf(id)))
out.writeUTF("删除成功");
else
out.writeUTF("删除失败,请确认ID是否存在");
}
public void update(Socket socket) throws IOException {
DataInputStream input = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
out.writeUTF("请输入要修改的用户ID号");
String id = input.readUTF();
out.writeUTF("请输入修改后的用户名");
String username = input.readUTF();
StudentDao dao = new StudentDao();
Student student = new Student();
student.setId(Integer.valueOf(id));
student.setUsername(username);
if(dao.update(student))
out.writeUTF("更新成功");
else
out.writeUTF("更新失败");
}
public void answer(Socket socket) throws IOException {
DataInputStream input = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
QuestionDao questionDao = new QuestionDao();
List<Question> questionList = questionDao.findAll();
Question question = new Question();
out.writeUTF(String.valueOf(questionList.size()));
int n = questionList.size();
//out.writeUTF("请输入题号");
int sum = 0;
String[] answers = new String[20];
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
{
out.writeUTF("第"+(i+1)+"题"+": "+questionList.get(i).getContent());
out.writeUTF("A. " + questionList.get(i).getOptionA() + "\t"
+ "B. " + questionList.get(i).getOptionB() + "\t"
+ "C. " + questionList.get(i).getOptionC() + "\t"
+ "D. " + questionList.get(i).getOptionD());
answers[i]=input.readUTF();
System.out.println(answers[i]);
if(answers[i].equals(questionList.get(i).getAnswer()))
{
out.writeUTF("回答正确,+10 分\n");
sum += 10;
}
else
out.writeUTF("回答错误\n");
}
String id = input.readUTF();
out.writeUTF("总成绩为"+sum);
StudentDao dao = new StudentDao();
Student student = new Student();
student.setId(Integer.valueOf(id));
student.setGrade(String.valueOf(sum));
if (dao.updateG(student))
out.writeUTF("成绩保存成功");
else
out.writeUTF("成绩保存失败");
}
}
四、编写Server类。
其中server端使用thread监听多个client,根据Client端的指令调用不同的方法并执行。收到指令“1”,执行StudentService中的show()方法,查询出学生表中所有的记录并返回给Client;收到指令“2”,执行StudentService中的insert()方法,获取客户端传来的姓名与成绩并插入student表中。收到指令“3”,执行update()方法,可以实现根据client端传来的ID号和新姓名实现修改姓名的功能;收到指令“4”,执行delete()方法,可以根据Client端传来的ID号实现删除学生记录的功能;收到指令“5”,实现答题功能,用户每回答一个题目,Server端判断正误并将结果返回给Client端,最后计算出总成绩存入student表;收到指令“0”,Client端将断开连接。
package com.jxnu.demo;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author xiao
*/
public class Server {
public static final int PORT = 12345;//监听的端口号
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("服务器启动...\n");
Server server = new Server();
server.init();
}
public void init() {
try {
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(PORT);
while (true) {
// 一旦有堵塞, 则表示服务器与客户端获得了连接
Socket client = serverSocket.accept();
// 处理这次连接
new HandlerThread(client);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("服务器异常: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
public static class HandlerThread implements Runnable {
private Socket socket;
public HandlerThread(Socket client) {
socket = client;
new Thread(this).start();
}
public void run() {
try {
// 读取客户端数据
DataInputStream input = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
String clientInputStr = input.readUTF();//这里要注意和客户端输出流的写方法对应,否则会抛 EOFException
// 处理客户端数据
System.out.println("客户端:" + clientInputStr);
// 向客户端回复信息
DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
action(clientInputStr,socket);
out.close();
input.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("服务器 run 异常: " + e.getMessage());
} finally {
if (socket != null) {
try {
socket.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
socket = null;
System.out.println("服务端 finally 异常:" + e.getMessage());
}
}
}
}
public void action(String clientInputStr,Socket socket) throws IOException {
DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
StudentService studentService = new StudentService();
switch (clientInputStr)
{
case "1":
studentService.show(socket);
break;
case "2":
studentService.insert(socket);
break;
case "3":
studentService.delete(socket);
break;
case "4":
studentService.update(socket);
break;
case "5":
studentService.answer(socket);
break;
case "0":
out.writeUTF("OK");
break;
default:
out.writeUTF("输入指令有误,请重新输入");
}
}
}
}
六、编写Client类
package com.jxnu.demo;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.Socket;
/**
* @author xiao
*/
public class Client {
public static final String IP_ADDR = "192.168.19.133";//服务器地址
public static final int PORT = 12345;//服务器端口号
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("客户端启动...");
System.out.print("【提示】 1 表示查看所有学生信息, 2 表示添加学生信息, 3 表示删除学生信息, 4表示修改学生信息, 5表示做题, 0表示结束\n ");
while (true) {
Socket socket = null;
try {
//创建一个流套接字并将其连接到指定主机上的指定端口号
socket = new Socket(IP_ADDR, PORT);
//读取服务器端数据
DataInputStream input = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
//向服务器端发送数据
DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
System.out.println("请输入指令: \t");
String str = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)).readLine();
out.writeUTF(str);
String ret = input.readUTF();
System.out.println("服务器端: " + ret);
if("请输入要删除的ID号".equals(ret)) {
String id = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)).readLine();
out.writeUTF(id);
String result = input.readUTF();
System.out.println(result);
}
if("请输入要修改的用户ID号".equals(ret)) {
String id = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)).readLine();
out.writeUTF(id);
System.out.println("服务器端: "+input.readUTF());
String username = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)).readLine();
out.writeUTF(username);
String result = input.readUTF();
System.out.println(result);
}
if("请输入新增用户名".equals(ret)) {
String username = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)).readLine();
out.writeUTF(username);
System.out.println("服务端: " + input.readUTF());
String grade = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)).readLine();
out.writeUTF(grade);
String result = input.readUTF();
System.out.println(result);
}
// 如接收到 "OK" 则断开连接
if ("OK".equals(ret)) {
System.out.println("客户端将关闭连接");
Thread.sleep(500);
break;
}
if (ret.length() <=3 ) {
Integer n = Integer.valueOf(ret);
System.out.println("总共" + n + "道题,每题10分,总分100分");
for(int i=0;i<n;i++) {
System.out.println(input.readUTF());
System.out.println(input.readUTF());
System.out.println("请输入答案: ");
String answer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)).readLine();
out.writeUTF(answer);
System.out.println(input.readUTF());
}
System.out.println("请输入你的用户ID号");
String id = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)).readLine();
out.writeUTF(id);
String sum = input.readUTF();
System.out.println(sum);
String result = input.readUTF();
System.out.println(result);
}
out.close();
input.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("客户端异常:" + e.getMessage());
} finally {
if (socket != null) {
try {
socket.close();
System.out.println("socket is closed");
} catch (IOException e) {
socket = null;
System.out.println("客户端 finally 异常:" + e.getMessage());
}
}
}
}
}
}
效果图
这里我还弄了点花里胡哨的颜色,有点好看嘿嘿。