controller 异常统一处理的四种方式，透过这四种方式看spring注解的派生性

1.当在一个Controller中任何一个方法发生异常，一定会被这个方法拦截到。
由于这里controller是@RestController 注解的，等于每个方法已经添加了@ResponseBody注解，下面是@RestController 的源码

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Controller
@ResponseBody
public @interface RestController {

@RestController
@RequestMapping("ziyue/GroupPortraitFacade")
public class GroupPortraitController {

	@PostMapping("upload")
	public ObjectResult<UploadResultDTO> upload(MultipartFile file){
		return groupPortraitFacade.upload(Long.valueOf(SsoContextHolder.getSsoUserInfo().getUserCode()),file);
	}

	@ExceptionHandler(MaxUploadSizeExceededException.class)
	public String handleException(MaxUploadSizeExceededException ex) {
		ObjectResult objectResult = new ObjectResult(false);
       objectResult.setMessage("文件应不大于 "+ getFileKB(ex.getMaxUploadSize()));

		return JsonUtil.toJsonString(objectResult);

	}

2. 使用 @ControllerAdvice，不用任何的配置，只要把这个类放在项目中，Spring能扫描到的地方。但是@ExceptionHandler方法如果返回string类型，注解的类同时也要用@ResponseBody注解，否则就会就会去找string值指向的页面，找不到就会报404错误

@ControllerAdvice
public class ExceptionsHandler {

	
	@ExceptionHandler(MaxUploadSizeExceededException.class)
	//方法返回string类型时，ResponseBody 注解一定要加，否则就会报上面的404错误
	@ResponseBody
	public String handleException(MaxUploadSizeExceededException ex) {
		ObjectResult objectResult = new ObjectResult(false);
		objectResult.setMessage("文件应不大于 "+ getFileKB(ex.getMaxUploadSize()));

		return JsonUtil.toJsonString(objectResult);

	}

3. 使用@RestControllerAdvice 注解controller类,那异常捕捉方法就不用@ResponseBody注解了

@RestControllerAdvice
public class ExceptionsHandler {

	@ExceptionHandler(MaxUploadSizeExceededException.class)
	public String handleException(MaxUploadSizeExceededException ex) {
		ObjectResult objectResult = new ObjectResult(false);
		objectResult.setMessage("文件应不大于 "+ getFileKB(ex.getMaxUploadSize()));

		return JsonUtil.toJsonString(objectResult);

	}

	private String getFileKB(long byteFile){
		if(byteFile==0){
			return "0KB";
		}
		long kb=1024;
		return ""+byteFile/kb+"KB";
	}
}

@RestControllerAdvice的源码派生了@ControllerAdvice和@ResponseBody

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@ControllerAdvice
@ResponseBody
public @interface RestControllerAdvice {

	/**
	 * Alias for the {@link #basePackages} attribute.
	 * <p>Allows for more concise annotation declarations e.g.:
	 * {@code @ControllerAdvice("org.my.pkg")} is equivalent to
	 * {@code @ControllerAdvice(basePackages="org.my.pkg")}.
	 * @see #basePackages()
	 */
	@AliasFor("basePackages")
	String[] value() default {};

	/**
	 * Array of base packages.
	 * <p>Controllers that belong to those base packages or sub-packages thereof
	 * will be included, e.g.: {@code @ControllerAdvice(basePackages="org.my.pkg")}
	 * or {@code @ControllerAdvice(basePackages={"org.my.pkg", "org.my.other.pkg"})}.
	 * <p>{@link #value} is an alias for this attribute, simply allowing for
	 * more concise use of the annotation.
	 * <p>Also consider using {@link #basePackageClasses()} as a type-safe
	 * alternative to String-based package names.
	 */
	@AliasFor("value")
	String[] basePackages() default {};

	/**
	 * Type-safe alternative to {@link #value()} for specifying the packages
	 * to select Controllers to be assisted by the {@code @ControllerAdvice}
	 * annotated class.
	 * <p>Consider creating a special no-op marker class or interface in each package
	 * that serves no purpose other than being referenced by this attribute.
	 */
	Class<?>[] basePackageClasses() default {};

	/**
	 * Array of classes.
	 * <p>Controllers that are assignable to at least one of the given types
	 * will be assisted by the {@code @ControllerAdvice} annotated class.
	 */
	Class<?>[] assignableTypes() default {};

	/**
	 * Array of annotations.
	 * <p>Controllers that are annotated with this/one of those annotation(s)
	 * will be assisted by the {@code @ControllerAdvice} annotated class.
	 * <p>Consider creating a special annotation or use a predefined one,
	 * like {@link RestController @RestController}.
	 */
	Class<? extends Annotation>[] annotations() default {};

}

4. 第四种捕捉异常后指向一个页面, 这里的controller是直接用@Controller注解的

@Controller  
    public class AccessController {  
    
        @ExceptionHandler(RuntimeException.class)  
        public String runtimeExceptionHandler(RuntimeException runtimeException,  
                ModelMap modelMap) {  
            logger.error(runtimeException.getLocalizedMessage());  
      
            modelMap.put("status", IntegralConstant.FAIL_STATUS);  
            return "exception";  
        }  
    }